We are familiar with the Gorgoneion on shields, with the Gorgoneion on
tombs, and as an amulet on vases. On the basis[497] in fig. 33 the
Gorgoneion is set to guard a statue of which two delicate feet remain. On
two sides of the triangular statue we have the Gorgon head; on the third,
serving a like protective purpose, a ram’s head. The statue, dedicated
in the precinct of Apollo at Delos, probably represents the god himself,
but we need seek for no artificial connection between Gorgon, rams and
Apollo; Gorgoneion and ram alike are merely prophylactic. The basis has
a further interest in that the inscription[498] dates the Gorgon-type
represented with some precision. The form of the letters shows it to have
been the work and the dedication of a Naxian artist of the early part of
the 6th century.
[Illustration: FIG. 34.]
On a Rhodian plate[499] in the British Museum in fig. 34 the Gorgoneion
has been furnished with a body tricked out with wings, but the mask-head
is still dominant. The figure is conceived in the typical heraldic
fashion of the Mistress of Wild Things (πότνια θηρῶν); she is in fact the
ugly bogey-, Erinys-side of the Great Mother; she is a potent goddess,
not as in later days a monster to be slain by heroes. The highest
divinities of the religion of fear and riddance became the harmful bogeys
of the cult of ‘service.’ The Olympians in their turn became Christian
devils.
Aeschylus[500] in instructive fashion places side by side the two sets of
three sisters, the Gorgons and the Graiae. They are but two by-forms of
each other. Prometheus foretells to Io her long wandering in the bogey
land of Nowhere:
‘Pass onward o’er the sounding sea, till thou
Dost touch Kisthene’s dreadful plains, wherein
The Phorkides do dwell, the ancient maids,
Three, shaped like swans, having one eye for all,
One tooth—whom never doth the rising sun
Glad with his beams, nor yet the moon by night—
Near them their sisters three, the Gorgons, winged,
With snakes for hair—hated of mortal man—
None may behold and bear their breathing blight.’
The daughters of Phorkys, whom Hesiod[501] calls Grey Ones or Old Ones,
Graiae, are fair of face though two-thirds blind and one-toothed; but
the emphasis on the one tooth and the one eye shows that in tooth and
eye resided their potency, and that in this they were own sisters to the
Gorgons.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account