According to the degree of development of their sexual organs,
Hirschfeld suggests a classification of the intermediates into
hermaphrodites, androgynes, transvestites, homosexuals and metatropists.
I shall not touch upon the first two classes, hermaphrodites and
androgynes, which are obvious, gross, physical malformations of a
congenital character.
Transvestism, homosexualism and metatropism, however, deserve careful
consideration.
=The Transvestites= are men who experience a craving to go about
dressed as women, women who are anxious to dress themselves as men.
Hirschfeld considers them as closely related to the male androgynes who
crave to have breasts like women and are ashamed of facial or bodily
hair, and to the female androgynes who are ashamed of their breasts and
wish to have a beard and body hair.
Transvestites generally explain that they do not feel free except in
the garb of the opposite sex. "In men's clothes," a male transvestite
said, "I have the feeling of wearing a uniform." "In feminine clothes,"
a female transvestite said, "I feel inhibited and hampered. It is only
when wearing masculine garments that I feel energetic and efficient."
The late Dr. Mary Walker, the French painter Rosa Bonheur, the French
explorer Madame Dieulafoy, were characteristic examples of energetic
women who felt compelled to abandon the garb of their sex and to dress
themselves as men.
=Are Transvestities Homosexual?= Dr. Wilhelm Stekel of Vienna objects
to drawing a line between transvestites and homosexuals. But we must
make a distinction. Hirschfeld is right in stating that there are no
more homosexuals among transvestites than among normal individuals. He
means, of course, _conscious_ homosexuals practicing their abnormal
form of love. We know however, that there are thousands of men and
women who, while _consciously_ experiencing the greatest disgust at
the thought of homosexual practices are _unconscious_ homosexuals.
Their dreams leave no doubt as to the nature of their cravings. We
may reconcile the Stekel view with the Hirschfeld view by saying that
transvestites are in the majority of cases unconscious homosexuals.
They may _consciously_ lead a most normal life: Madame Dieulafoy was
married and apparently very devoted to her husband whom she followed on
all his voyages of exploration.
_Unconsciously_, however, and for reasons which we shall examine later,
transvestites crave a change of sex.
=Metatropism= is masculine behavior in women, feminine behavior in
men. Normal man is physiologically aggressive in love, normal woman is
submissive. In cases of metatropism, those characteristics are reversed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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