Psychology and Pedagogy of AngerRichardson, Roy Franklin
Science
Psychology and Pedagogy of Anger
Richardson, Roy Franklin
Anger
Anger that arises from a fore-period of irritation in which the subject
suddenly bursts out with emotion may have an immediate after-period
of irritation, but it leaves little in the remote after-period; the
subject is aware that the emotion is finished. Anger which ends with
active pleasantness of victory leaves an attitude of confidence and
success toward the situation which has excited the emotion. There
is little tendency for the emotion, disappearing in this fashion,
to reappear except in its pleasant stage. With a consciousness of
complete victory in the immediate after-period, there is established
an attitude of positive self-feeling and confidence toward the
situation exciting the emotion so that a practical immunity against the
reappearance of anger in its unpleasant stage is reached as a negative
result of the emotion. There are wide individual differences in the
ability of the subjects studied to allow anger to disappear, leaving
a pleasant after-period. C. reports but few instances in which his
anger disappeared with a fully satisfactory result. He consequently
has a wealth of emotional dispositions and mental attitudes following
anger. On the other hand F. and E., whose anger emotions are less
intense, are early able either to attain an inner victory or to react
contrary to the emotion and leave an after-period of immunity against
its reappearance from the same mental situation. Hence the tendencies
and dispositions left over in the after-period of their anger are less.
E.’s dislikes are short lived. It is probable that some subjects have
acquired the habit of shortening their emotions of anger, short-cutting
the unpleasant period of restraint and early acquiring the after-period
of relief, humor or it may be indifference, before the emotion has
developed far.
_Classifications._ Anger might be classified according to a number of
schemes that would serve the purpose of emphasizing its characteristics.
From the standpoint of feeling, anger might be classed as pleasant or
unpleasant. Some emotions of anger are observed to be almost entirely
pleasant from their early beginning including their final ending. Other
cases have fluctuating pleasant and unpleasant stages. There are few
instances of anger that have no flash of pleasantness anywhere, in some
degree before the emotion is finally completed. The unsatisfactorily
expressed emotion is almost entirely unpleasant. Even anger of this kind
usually shows some flash of pleasantness or relief at the moment of the
angry outburst.
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