Psychology and Pedagogy of AngerRichardson, Roy Franklin
Science
Psychology and Pedagogy of Anger
Richardson, Roy Franklin
Anger
Education has to do with the function of anger in human needs, in growth
and development and in mental hygiene. Ethics has at times advocated the
elimination of anger as if it were a noxious product. From a pedagogical
view, it should be cultivated and excited aright. The familiar moral
exhortations, “Let not the sun go down on your wrath,” “Love your
enemies and do good to those that hate you,” and others like them, are
in accord with some satisfactory individual reactions to anger from the
feeling side, which have been cited; but their universal application
would not always serve the purpose of ethics. In pedagogical practice,
they would fall short. A good healthy resentment is, at times, a good
thing and should be kept alive. The emotion, if it works, must not die
out too satisfactorily at the cost of real effort. There should be a
working residuum for the time when it is needed. An injury may be
forgiven too quickly and resentment given up too easily. A healthy
fighting attitude, increased caution and willed action turned into
productive work is often subverted for an immediate satisfactory ending
of the emotion. There are none of the subjects studied but observe this
wholesome effect of anger at times. Anger may disappear successfully and
satisfactorily on the side of the feelings. The subject may attain the
full sense of victory by a number of devices of make-believe,
substitution, disguise, etc. An inner victory may be a good thing. In
fact, all subjects would, at times, resort to imaginative processes
motivated by the feeling and impulsive side of the emotion. A subjective
satisfaction may in fact save the day, clear the mental atmosphere, so
to speak, and allow mental life to continue along its habitual lines. On
the other hand, a subjective victory may become too easy. On the verge
of defeat, victory is at times imagined which takes the place of real
volition. The fight may be carried too far through the medium of ideas
leaving little enthusiasm for actual effort. A too easy habit of
excusing the offender at times serves an unprofitable end. Anger should
not be cut off too near its beginning by finding excuses too readily for
the offender or offending situation. It should at least be allowed to
get a little above the initial feeling stage to keep the emotional life
alive or there is danger of lapsing into obliviousness to essential
rights; mental life becomes too prosaic and commonplace, on a plateau
with no capacity to acquire new levels.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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