Psychopathology and politicsLasswell, Harold D. (Harold Dwight)
Science
Psychopathology and politics
Lasswell, Harold D. (Harold Dwight)
Personality and politics; Political science; Psychoanalysis; Psychology, Pathological
The analytical situation is so arranged as to facilitate this process
of self-inspection. The provocations to act out rather than think out
are reduced by simplifying the sensory present. The subject lies in
a relaxed position, and is better able to observe those stiffenings
of the body, those variations in respiration, those oscillations of
visceral tension, those impulses to scratch and finger which escape
ordinary attention, but which are indicative of the meanings put in
the current situation. The sensory environment remains substantially
constant, and the interviewer handles the situation on a rather fixed
routine. The subject is temporarily encysted from the demands of
professional and conventional tasks, but the interviewer is present
to prevent the individual from dissipating his energy in musings which
are quickly forgotten. The interviewer is a prod to associate freely,
and a spur to the critical consideration of the material supplied by
the freely moving fancy. The necessity for verbalization brings the
acts of fantasy into clearer focus than usual, which is a necessary
preliminary to moments of sustained logical reflection. Since the
interviewer permits the subject to disregard the usual amenities of
society, and to let his fantasies fly for the sake of finding where
they land, regressive responses are permitted to appear. That is, the
individual is not required to adjust to a conventional world of adult
reality, but is permitted to reactivate earlier forms of dealing with
the world. In the world of adult reality, the multiple tendencies of
the individual are canalized into conventionally acceptable forms,
and the most maladapted drives may display themselves in unobtrusive
variations on the pattern. When conventional reality is no longer
present, and the individual is encouraged to watch his partly forming
responses, rather than to co-ordinate, condense, ignore, or suppress
them, these tendencies spread forth diffusely in imagination and
reminiscence. When this process continues far enough, the individual
achieves a high degree of insight into the genetic development of his
current preoccupations and traits.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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