(_i_) The cost of food provided for expectant mothers and nursing mothers and for children under five years of age, where such provision is certified by the Medical Officer of the Centre or by the Medical Officer of Health to be necessary and where the case is necessitous; (_j_) Expenses of creches and day nurseries and of other arrangements for attending to the health of children under five years of age, whose mothers go out to work; (_k_) The provision of accommodation in convalescent homes for nursing mothers and for children under five years of age; (_l_) The provision of homes and other arrangements for attending to the health of children of widowed, deserted and unmarried mothers, under five years of age; (_m_) Experimental work for the health of expectant and nursing mothers and of infants and children under five years of age, carried out by local authorities or voluntary agencies with the approval of the Board; (_n_) Contributions by the local authority to voluntary institutions and agencies approved under the scheme. Grants will be paid to voluntary agencies aided by the Board on condition: 1. That the work of the agency is approved by the Board and coördinated as far as practicable with the public health work of the local authority and the school medical service of the local education authority. 2. That the premises and work of the institution are subject to inspection by any of the Board officer’s or inspectors. 3. That records of the work done by the agency are kept to the satisfaction of the Board. Possibly much of the past failure to protect maternity and to reduce the still-births and mortality among infants under a month old has been due to the erroneous assumption that damage to health and life at these times is in the main inevitable. That this is not so for maternal mortality is proved by the great difference in experience of sickness and death for mothers in different social strata and according to the availability of skilled midwives and doctors. There are similar differences locally and socially in the proportion of still-births. Wassermann tests, followed by appropriate medical action, in all instances in which there have been previous miscarriages or in which for other reasons syphilis comes under suspicion, and subsequent action based on the diagnosis thus secured, would at once greatly reduce maternal and infantile mortality. So also would systematic examination of urine during pregnancy and the ascertainment that in other respects the physical conditions of normal parturition are present. These are adequate reasons for the establishment of ante-natal consultations, which happily are rapidly increasing in England under the stimulus of the Government grants already mentioned.