==========+==========+========+==========+==================== | | | | Steam | Water | | Discharge| Water Press. Cylinders.| Plungers.| Stroke.| Pipe. | Pump End will | | | | stand, in lbs., per ----------+----------+--------+----------+ square inch. Ins. | Ins. | Ins. | Ins. | ----------+----------+--------+----------+-------------------- | | | | 16 | 5 | 12 | 3 | 450 16 | 6 | 12 | 4 | 450 16 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 300 16 | 7 | 18 | 6 | 450 16 | 8 | 12 | 6 | 300 16 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 450 16 | 9 | 12 | 7 | 250 18-1/2 | 7 | 12 | 5 | 250 18-1/2 | 7-1/2 | 12 | 5 | 300 18-1/2 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 450 18-1/2 | 9 | 18 | 7 | 250 18-1/2 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 250 18-1/2 | 10 | 18 | 8 | 250 20 | 8 | 12 | 6 | 450 20 | 8 | 18 | 7 | 450 20 | 9 | 12 | 7 | 250 20 | 9 | 18 | 7 | 250 20 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 250 20 | 10 | 18 | 8 | 250 ----------+----------+--------+----------+-------------------- A test of the superiority of this method of moving, and controlling long columns of fluids under extreme heavy pressures was made at the time of the introduction of long pipe lines _for conveying oil from the wells to the seaboard_. NOTE.—After trying various kinds of pumps for forcing the oil through these long pipes, and after having a succession of disasters in the way of burst pipes, and leaking joints, it was decided to test the efficiency of the direct-acting duplex steam pump. These pumps were placed in the various stations along the pipe lines, and after a continued service of many years, have shown their perfect adaptation to that exceptionally hard service. These pumps convey the oil over mountains where at times the coupled lines have been over one hundred miles long between the pumps, and where the pressure on the plunger of the pump sometimes rises to 1,500 lbs. per square inch. J. F. HOLLOWAY. [Illustration: FIG. 307.] COMPOUND DUPLEX PUMPS. (_With The Deane Switch Valve._) The application of this valve is shown in Fig. 307, on the opposite page. It can be attached to any regular Compound or Triple Expansion Pump, and if not in use does not in any way impede the regular running of the machine.