=Turbine wheel=, setting of, in penstock, des. and ills., 134 =Turpentine oil=, specific gravity of, 96 =Tweddel=, design of the hydraulic accumulator, 172 =Two cylinder force pump=, 192 arranged with extension levers, 196 =Tympanum, The=, des. and ills., 55 =Undershot water wheel=, des. and ills., 122 =Underwriter fire pumps=, 344 list of attachments for, 345 area for suction valve for the, 373 test for acceptance of, 391 =Underwriter steam fire pump=, des. and ills., 343-398 =Union=, def., 33 =Unit of heat, English=, ills. and des., 384 =V packing, hydraulic=, ills. and des., 154 =Vacuum=, def., 33 and air chambers practically the reverse of each other, 221 for the underwriter pump, 381 ills. and des., 220 =Vacuum pumps, how classified=, 188 =Valve=, def., 33 air, def., and marking of, for the underwriter pump, 385 areas, size necessary for, 374 gate of the underwriter pump, how marked, 389 motion of duplex pump, 333, 334 of the Worthington duplex pump, 336 of hand pump, lower or suction, ills., 195 =Valve of Riedler belt-driven pump=, ills. and des., 238-240 =Valve port area= and valve outlet area, table of, for underwriter pump, 374, 375 relief of the underwriter pump, 384 seats, bolts and springs should be of the best composition, metal, etc., 218 =Valve setting of the Blakeslee steam pump=, 301 Buffalo single cylinder pump, 321 Burnham steam pump, 326 Cameron steam pump, 296 Davidson steam pump, 287-289 Dean Bros’ steam pump, 328 Deane steam pump, 319 Duplex steam pump, 338 Foster steam pump, 292-294 Guild and Garrison steam pump, 308 Hill steam pump, 306 Hooker steam pump with outside valve gear, 303 Knowles steam pump, 311 Dunn-Gordon steam pump, 290 Laidlaw, 292 Mason steam pump, 299 McGowan steam pump, 310 Moore steam pump, 315 National steam pump, 304 Smith-Vaile single steam pump, 330 Snow steam pump, 316 Weinman steam pump, 323 =Valve slam=, def., 374 =Valve springs=, guards and covers for the underwriter pump, 376 =Valve stems of the underwriter pump=, 379 =Valves, delivery=, of the underwriter pump, 376 hose, size for the underwriter pump, 383 pump, des. and ills., 309 =Valves, pump=, size and number of, for the underwriter pump, 373 reinforced pump, des. and ills., 215-216 small ones preferable, 213 steam slide of the underwriter fire pump, 360 =Valves, sticking of=, def., 377 the lift of valves, 214 =Vapors=, des., 73 =Vapor, when it becomes a gas=, 73 =Velocity of falling bodies=, valves to find, 89 fluids flowing from an orifice, 105, 106 streams, ills., 110 water in flumes and pipes, 138 in tail-race, Rule, 138 in water pressure engines, 145 =Ventres=, def., 106 =Vertical pumps=, why so called, 187 =Vinegar=, specific gravity of, 96