Quaint and Historic Forts of North AmericaHammond, John Martin
History
Quaint and Historic Forts of North America
Hammond, John Martin
Fortification -- North America; Fortification -- United States; Historic buildings -- United States
Immediately now the Spaniard began to make himself more secure
in Florida. His stronghold at St. Augustine was amplified and
Fort Caroline, the luckless French fort, was rebuilt and renamed
San Mateo. In 1568 the French under de Gorgues descended upon the
Spanish at San Mateo and put the whole garrison to the sword. San
Augustin was not attacked, however, and for two hundred years held
the Spanish flag supreme in this part of the New World.
For twenty years after its foundation Menendez’s little fort of
San Juan de Pinos saw no military service, though it was made
strong and formidable. Then the clash of arms came to its ears,
accompanied by great catastrophe. These were the years of the
English sea-kings. Raleigh, Drake, Grenville, Gilbert, Frobisher
were sweeping the oceans in their diminutive craft, making anxious
the captains of many a Spanish galleon. In September, 1585, Drake
sailed on a freebooting voyage from the harbor of Plymouth,
England, with more than an ordinarily large number of men and
ships, and in May, 1586, this little armada chanced to be in sight
of San Augustin. The procedure may now be told in the words of one
of Drake’s seamen:
Wee descried on the shore a place built like a Beacon which was
indeede a scaffold upon foure long mastes raised on ende.... Wee
might discover over against us a Fort which newly had bene built
by the Spaniards; and some mile or therabout above the Fort was a
little Towne or Village without walls, built of wooden houses as
the Plot doeth plainely shew. Wee forthwith prepared to have
ordnance for the batterie; and one peece was a little before the
enemie planted, and the first shot being made by the Lieutenant
generall himself at their ensigne strake through the Ensigne, as
wee afterwards understood by a Frenchman, which came unto us from
them. One shot more was then made which strake the foote of the
Fort wall which was all massive timber of great trees like Mastes.
[Illustration:
By courtesy of the St. Augustine Historical Society
INCLINE LEADING TO RAMPARTS, FORT MARION, ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA.]
And so, in the charming, inconsequential fashion of the times, the
narrative goes on, carrying the battle with it. The fort fell into
the hands of the English after a stubborn defence by its Spanish
occupants and was destroyed. The village was sacked and burned.
Drake then sailed on his way.
The fort was rebuilt and stood secure until 1665, when San Augustin
was sacked by buccaneers under Captain John Davis and it shared the
destruction of the town. Then a substantial structure, the Fort
Marion of to-day, was begun. Work was continued for successive
generations, until in 1756 the stronghold was declared finished.
The new structure was christened San Marco.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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