[3] He had received the Duchy of Anjou in addition to that of Alençon, and some historians call him by the former title. [4] Hallam, _Constitutional History_, Chapter III. Macaulay, _Essay on Hallam’s Constitutional History_. [5] James had given this man the title and estates of the exiled Hamiltons. [6] Some persons whose names do not appear in the Commission sat on the trial, while some who were appointed did not sit. [7] Those who wish to know the grounds on which Mary’s complicity in Babington’s plot has been denied can consult Lingard, Tytler, and Labanoff. In my opinion, their arguments are very feeble. [8] There was no formal proclamation of war on either side. [9] The remaining Privy Councillors were Archbishop Whitgift, Lord Chancellor Bromley, the Earls of Shrewsbury and Warwick, Lord Buckhurst, Sir James Crofts, Sir Ralph Sadler, Sir Walter Mildmay, Sir Amyas Paulet, and the Latin Secretary, Wolley. [10] Kingsley, _Westward Ho_. [11] _Institutes_, Fourth Part, Chap. 1. [12] These figures are taken from Barrow’s Life of Drake. [13] We hear of thirty-three-pounders and even sixty-pounders in the Queen’s ships. Whereas the Spanish admiral, sending to Parma for balls, asks for nothing heavier than ten pounds. [14] The Earl of Sussex, after inspecting the preparations for defence in Hampshire towards the end of 1587, writes to the Council that he had found nothing ready. The “better sort” said, “We are much charged many ways, and when the enemy comes we will provide for him; but he will not come yet.” [15] Sir Edward Radcliffe to the Earl of Sussex.--_Ellis_, 2nd Series, vol. iii. p. 142. [16] The story of the ring, said to have been intercepted by Lady Nottingham, has been shown to be unworthy of belief. See Ranke, _History of England_, vol. i. p. 352; transl. [17] The increase was not so great as it appears. A subsidy with two tenths and fifteenths in the thirteenth year of the reign yielded £175,000; in the forty-third only £134,000. [18] Elizabeth made large use of the courage and fidelity of her kinsmen on the Boleyn side, but she did little to advance them either in rank or wealth. Hunsdon had set his heart on regaining the Boleyn Earldom of Wiltshire. When he was dying, Elizabeth brought the patent and robes of an earl, and laid them on his bed; but the choleric old man replied, “Madam, seeing you counted me not worthy of this honour while I was living, I count myself unworthy of it now I am dying.” [19] Son of Catherine Grey by the Earl of Hertford. “Rascal” at that time meant a person of low birth. [20] Bacon, _In felicem memoriam Elizabethæ_. [21] Carlyle, _Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell_, Speech v. [22] As Earl of Surrey commanded at Flodden. [23] Minister of Henry VIII. [24] The Poet. Beheaded by Henry VIII. [25] Married Duke of Richmond, natural son of Henry VIII. [26] Beheaded by Elizabeth. Title forfeited.