Under some circumstances there is a production of ozone in the
neighbourhood of very active compounds. Rays emerging from a sealed jar
containing radium do not produce ozone in the air they pass through. On
the contrary, a strong odour of ozone is detected when the jar is
opened. In a general way, ozone is produced in the air when the latter
is in direct contact with the radium. Communication by a channel, even
if extremely narrow, suffices; it appears as if the production of ozone
is associated with the propagation of induced radio-activity, of which
we shall speak later.
Radium compounds appear to change with lapse of time, doubtless under
the action of their own radiation. It was seen above that crystals of
barium-radium chloride, which are colourless when formed, become
gradually coloured first yellow or orange, then pink; this colouration
disappears in solution. Barium-radium chloride generates oxygen
compounds of chlorine; the bromide those of bromine. These slow changes
generally manifest themselves some time after the preparation of the
solid product, which at the same time changes in form and colour,
becoming yellow or violet. The light emitted also becomes more violet.
A solution of a radium salt evolves hydrogen (Giesel).
Pure radium salts seem to undergo the same changes as those containing
barium. However, crystals of the chloride, deposited in acid solution,
do not become sensibly coloured after some time has elapsed, whereas
crystals of barium-radium chloride, rich in radium, become deeply
coloured.
_Production of Thermo-luminosity._—Certain bodies, such as fluorite,
become luminous when heated; they are thermo-luminescent. Their
luminosity disappears after some time, but the capacity of becoming
luminous afresh through heat is restored to them by the action of a
spark, and also by the action of radium. Radium can thus restore to
these bodies their thermo-luminescent property. Fluorite when heated
undergoes a change, which is accompanied by the emission of light. If
the fluorite is afterwards subjected to the action of radium, an inverse
change occurs, which is also accompanied by an emission of light.
An absolutely similar phenomenon occurs when glass is exposed to radium
rays. Here also a change is produced in the glass while luminous from
the effect of the radium rays; this change shows itself in the
colouration which appears and gradually increases. If the glass is
afterwards heated, the inverse change takes place, the colour
disappears, and this phenomenon is accompanied by production of light.
It appears very probable that we have here a change of a chemical
nature, and the production of light is associated with this change. This
phenomenon may be general. It might be that the production of
fluorescence by the action of radium and the luminosity of radium
compounds is of necessity associated with some chemical or physical
change in the substance emitting the light.
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