I made several other series of determinations of the same kind, but they
do not absolutely agree with one another, although the general character
of the curves obtained remains the same. It is difficult to obtain very
regular results. It may, however, be remarked that the acquisition of
activity requires more than one month for its production, and that the
most penetrating rays are the most deeply affected by solution.
The initial intensity of the radiation which is able to traverse 3 c.m.
of air and 0·01 m.m. of aluminium is only 1 per cent of the limiting
intensity, whilst the initial intensity of the total radiation is 21 per
cent of the total limiting radiation.
A radium salt which has been dissolved and recently evaporated to
dryness possesses the same power of causing induced activity (and,
consequently, of allowing the escape of an emanation), as a specimen of
the same salt which, after having been prepared in the solid state, has
remained in this condition long enough to have attained its limiting
radio-activity. The radiant activity of these two products is, however,
quite different; the former is, for example, five times less active than
the latter.
_Variations of the Activity of Radium Salts on Heating._
When a radium compound is heated, it gives off an emanation and loses
activity. The more intense and the more prolonged the heating, the
greater is the loss of activity. Thus, on heating a radium salt for one
hour to 130°, it loses 10 per cent of its total radiation; on the other
hand, heating for ten minutes to 400° produces no apparent effect.
Heating to redness for several hours destroys 77 per cent of the total
radiation.
The loss of activity on heating is more considerable for the penetrating
than for the absorbable rays. Thus, heating for several hours destroys
about 77 per cent of the total radiation, but the same amount of heating
destroys nearly the whole (99 per cent) of the radiation that traverses
3 c.m. of air and 0·01 m.m. of aluminium. If barium-radium chloride be
kept fused for several hours (towards 800°) 98 per cent of the radiation
capable of traversing 0·3 m.m. of aluminium is destroyed. The
penetrating rays may be considered as no longer in existence after
intense and prolonged heating.
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