11. The numerous clans, more or less devoted to war, grouped together under the name of Râjpûts (literally 'king's sons'), are in reality of multifarious origin, and include representatives of many races. They are the Kshatriyas of the law-books, and are still often called Chhattrî (_E.H.I._, 3rd ed., pp. 407-15). In some parts of the country the word Thâkur is more familiar as their general title. Thirty-six clans are considered as specially pure-blooded and are called, at any rate in books, the 'royal races'. All the clans follow the custom of exogamy. The Chandêls (Chandella) ruled Bundêlkhand from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries. Their capital was Mahoba, now a station on the Midland Railway. The Bundêlas became prominent at a later date, and attained their greatest power under Chhatarsâl (_circa_ A.D. 1671-1731). Their territory is now known as Bundêlkhand. The country so designated is not an administrative division. It is partly in the United Provinces, partly in the Central Provinces, and partly in Native States. It is bounded on the north by the Jumna; on the north and west by the Chambal river; on the south by the Central Provinces, and on the south and east by Rîwâ and the Kaimûr hills. The traditions of both the Bundêlas and Chandellas show that there is a strain of the blood of the earlier, so--called aboriginal, races in both clans. The Pawâr (Pramara) clan ranks high, but is now of little political importance (See _N.W.P. Gazetteer_, 1st ed., vol. vii, p. 68). 12. The paramount power often assigned a portion of its reserved lands in 'Jâgîr' to public officers for the establishments they required for the performance of the duties, military or civil, which were expected from them. Other portions were assigned in rent-free tenure for services already performed, or to favourites; but, in both cases, the rights of the village or land owner, or allodial proprietors, were supposed to be unaffected, as the Government was presumed to assign only its own claim to a certain portion as revenue. [W. H. S.] The term 'ryotwar' (raiyatwâr) is commonly used to designate the system under which the cultivators hold their lands direct from the State. The subject of tenures is further discussed by the author in Chapters 70, 71. 13. For elaborate comparisons between the Râjpût policy and the feudal system of Europe, Tod's _Rajasthân_ may be consulted. The parallel is not really so close as it appears to be at first sight. In some respects the organization of the Highland clans is more similar to that of the Râjpûts than the feudal system is. The Chambal river rises in Mâlwâ, and, after a course of some five hundred and seventy miles, falls into the Jumna forty miles below Etâwa. The statement in the text concerning the succession of clans is confused. The ruling family of Rîwâ still belongs to the Baghêl clan. The Maharâjâ of Jaipur (Jeypore) is a Kachhwâha.