29. The chiefs of Jâlaun also were officers under the Marâtha Government of the Peshwâ up to 1817. In consequence of gross misgovernment, an English superintendent was appointed in 1838, and the state lapsed to the British Government, owing to failure of heirs, in 1840 (ibid. p. 229). 30. _Ante_ Chapter 23, note 13. 31. Lapse of years has increased the distance and the enchantment, so that modern agitators and sentimentalists discover marvellous excellences in the native Governments of the now remote past. The methods of government in the existing native states have been so profoundly modified by the influence of the Imperial Government that these states are no longer as instructive in the way of contrast as they were in the author's day. 32. The author consistently held the views above enunciated, and defended the policy of maintaining the native states. He was of opinion that the system of annexation favoured by Lord Dalhousie and his Council 'had a downward tendency, and tended to crush all the higher and middle classes connected with the land'. He considered that the Government of India should have undertaken the management of Oudh, but that it had no right to annex the province, and appropriate its revenues (_Journey through the Kingdom of Oude_, p. 22, &c.). Since 1858 the policy of annexation has been repudiated. See Sir W. Lee-Warner, _The Protected Princes of India_ (Macmillan, 1894), and _The Native States of India_ (1910). 33. A.D. 1249 to A.D. 1371. 34. The Hindi spoken in different parts of Bundêlkhand comprises several distinct dialects: see Kellogg, _A Grammar of the Hindî Language_, 2nd ed., 1893; and Grierson, _Linguistic Survey_, vol. vi (1904), pp. 18-23, where the dialects of Eastern Bundêlkhand are discussed. Bundêlî, the speech of Bundêlkhand proper, will be treated as a dialect of Western Hindi in a volume of the _Survey_ not yet published. Sir G. Grierson has favoured me with perusal of the proofs, and has used materials collected by me in the Hamîrpur District nearly forty years ago. Bundêlî has a considerable literature. 35. The editor was told of a case in which two chiefs suffered for beating their drums in Mahoba.