Rambles in Rome: An Archæological and Historical Guide to the Museums, Galleries, Villas, Churches, and Antiquities of Rome and the CampagnaForbes, S. Russell
History
Rambles in Rome: An Archæological and Historical Guide to the Museums, Galleries, Villas, Churches, and Antiquities of Rome and the Campagna
Forbes, S. Russell
Art -- Rome; Rome (Italy) -- Guidebooks; Rome -- Antiquities
The houses built amidst the ruins of the Baths of Agrippa at the back
of the Pantheon have been demolished, and part of a large hall has
been exposed to view. Nothing that has been discovered is new to those
who have studied the subject. It has long been known that these houses
were built on the old walls and vaults of the Thermæ. In fact, the
sacristy of the Pantheon was made out of a vaulted chamber, a floor
being inserted about half-way above its base. Besides the vaults and
walls now cleared, pavements, pipes, and fragments of pavonazzetto
columns have been found; also an earthenware jar containing 1,200
debased silver coins--provincial money of the thirteenth century, with
the motto, _Roma caput mundi_. Portions of a beautiful frieze, formed
with tridents, shells, dolphins, and acanthus leaves, blended
harmoniously together, were found, and skilfully replaced in their
ancient position. It is almost impossible to say for what purpose this
hall was used, as nearly the whole of these baths are buried under the
surrounding houses; but judging from its relative position to the
circular hall, and from the plans of other thermæ, it was most
probably the tepidarium. The hall was 150 feet long by 70 feet wide.
Oriental marbles decorated the floor and walls, the latter being
relieved with niches containing statues. Through the central apse was
the original entry into the circular hall behind. The wall now
exposed to view has a large apse in the centre, with the platform, on
which stood a statue; and on either side are three niches for statues.
Agrippa served his first consulship in A.U.C. 717. He was ædile in
719-20. In this service he built his baths. (Dion Cassius, in
"Augustus;" Pliny, xxxvi. 24.) In 726 he was consul for the second
time. In 727 he was consul for the third time, when the circular hall
of his baths was turned into a temple, as we are informed by the
inscription _in situ_.
These were the first large baths erected in Rome. Only small fragments
of them remain, built into the houses at the back of the Pantheon, and
so difficult to see. In the VIA DELL' ARCO DELLA CIAMBELLA, some
little distance back, are the remains of a circular hall.
_The Via Minerva, to the left of the Pantheon, leads to the Piazza
Minerva._
THE OBELISK,
standing upon an elephant, stood, with the one in the square of the
Pantheon, in front of the Temple of Isis. The elephant upon which it
stands is the work of Ercole Perrata, and of course had nothing to do
originally with the obelisk. _On the left is the_
CHURCH OF S. MARIA SOPRA MINERVA,
so named from being on the site of the Temple of Minerva dedicated by
Pompey. It is one of the few Gothic churches in Rome.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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