"Dry up, Archie! When you have learned the meaning of one of two
opposite things, that is enough," interposed the skipper. "The principal
gave us the two French terms for starboard and port,--_tribord_ and
_babord_. _Tribord_ means the right-hand side, looking ahead. A fellow
don't need a slate and pencil to figure up the meaning of _babord_. Now
we are going along all right, and we will look over the wheel. Can you
all see it?"
"I can," replied Archie.
"The upper end of the rudder is the head of it. The tiller is set in the
rudder-head, and is simply a lever for turning the rudder. The bow of
the boat is called the head. If you put the helm--that is, the
tiller--to starboard, what will be the effect upon the head, Archie?"
"It will turn the head," replied Archie thoughtfully.
"Turn it upside down, or turn it like a lunatic's! Which way will it
turn the head when you put the tiller to starboard?" demanded Thad.
"It won't turn it upside down: it will turn it to one side," added
Archie seriously.
"I should say that it would; but it is rather necessary to know to which
side it would turn it."
"It would carry the head of the boat the opposite way, I should think."
"But you must know. Which is the opposite way?"
"To port; and if you put the helm to port"--
"One thing at a time, if you please. Put the helm to starboard, and it
carries the head to port: that's enough. If you try to remember any
thing more, Archie, you will forget the whole. As I said before, the
terms weather and port are also used."
"What is the use of those terms when we have starboard and port?" asked
Con.
"No conundrums of that sort. We take things as we find them, and we are
not inventing a system. We speak of a weather and a lee helm. As you may
see by the position of the wheel, this boat carries a weather-helm; and
it only means that the trim of the craft inclines her to stick her head
up into the wind, and we have to carry the helm a little to the
weather-side in order to make her go straight ahead. If I should let go
the wheel, the boat would come to."
"Come where?" queried Con.
"Come to means to come up into the wind, or turn her head in the
direction from which the breeze comes. If she carried a lee-helm, she
would turn the other way, if left to herself; and in that case she would
be likely to upset, or have the mast taken out of her if it were blowing
fresh. It is a good thing, therefore, to have a boat carry a
weather-helm, within reasonable limits; and a lee-helm is a very bad
trick in any craft."
"But suppose the boat has a lee-helm: you can't help yourself," said Syl
Peckman.
"Yes, you can. Shifting the ballast will sometimes correct it, by
bringing her down more by the head or stern, as the case may require.
Possibly the position of the mast in a sloop may have to be changed.
There are two other terms that apply to the helm."
"More of them!" exclaimed Archie. "A fellow can never remember them."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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