Afghan Wars; Crimean War, 1853-1856; Egypt -- History -- British occupation, 1882-1936; India -- History -- Sepoy Rebellion, 1857-1858
During 1877 our native agent at Cabul was withdrawn, our
subsidy ceased, and Shere Ali remained in a position of isolation, and
was left to form friendship elsewhere. In fact, we washed our hands of
him and were evidently drifting into war.
As regards the other cause of dispute--the rectification of the
trans-Indus frontier--the opinion of our Government at the time was
that we should march into Afghanistan, and establish what was termed a
strategical triangle between Cabul, Ghuznee and Jellalabad, and thus
guard, as it were, the avenues to India.[115] Being greatly interested
in the proposed military operations at the period in question, I
wrote a letter to the Times,[116] pointing out the serious results
which were likely to ensue on our advance into Afghanistan, and of
which the following are extracts. 'In my opinion such an idea is a
dangerous delusion. Afghanistan is a country of mountains, and the
Suliman range, which forms our boundary, is merely the first of a
series of great ridges running down south-westerly from the Hindoo
Koosh. If we enter the country and merely hold the nearest passes, we
shall at once find ourselves in a maze of mountains, with dozens of
other passes and strong positions in our front. Not only that, but
we shall become involved with other tribes; and as soon as our flag
is seen flying within the Afghan mountains, our influence will begin
to extend, political and military complications will arise, and we
shall inevitably be carried forward.' Alluding to the policy which had
for some years past been followed, I went on to point out that 'the
frontier throughout its length is far quieter now than in the years
gone by. Occasional acts of outrage and robbery are treated as matters
of police. Many of the men of the Afghan tribes beyond the border now
enter our service, and do their duty well.... Therefore, I maintain
that a conciliatory policy has been in a great measure successful,
and was leading straight to the object we had in view, although time,
patience, and forbearance are required before the results become
palpable and confirmed.' Lord Lawrence, the greatest authority then
living on the subject, wrote several letters to the 'Times' in 1878
strongly deprecating our change of policy, and I had the satisfaction
of receiving from him a note expressing his entire agreement with the
military views which I had put forward.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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