There are also in well-preserved specimens certain constant properties
of the calcite and serpentine layers. The former are continuous,
and connected at intervals, so that if the silicious filling of
the chambers could be removed, the calcareous portion would form a
continuous skeleton, while the serpentine filling the chambers, when
the calcareous plates are dissolved out by an acid, forms a continuous
cast of the animal matter filling the chambers (Fig. 36). This cast
of the sarcodous material, when thus separated, is very uniformly
and beautifully mammillated on the surfaces of the laminæ, and this
tuberculation gradually passes upward into smaller chambers having
amœboid outlines, and finally into rounded chamberlets. It is also
a very constant point of structure that the lower laminæ of calcite
are thicker than those above, and have the canal-systems larger and
coarser. There is thus in the more perfect specimens a definite plan of
macroscopical structure (Fig. 35).
[Illustration: Fig. 35.--_Structure of small specimen of Eozoon,
calcareous matter removed._]
1. Natural size. 2. Acervuline cells of upper part. 3. Group of the
same coalescing into a lamina with tuberculated surface. 4. Laminæ with
tuberculated surfaces in section. (See also Fig. 36.)
[Illustration: Fig. 36.--_Decalcified Eozoon, in section, slightly
enlarged._ Showing the character of the sarcodous laminæ now replaced
by Serpentine.]
The normal mode of mineralization at Côte St. Pierre and Grenville is
that the laminæ of the test remain as calcite, while the chambers and
larger canals are filled with serpentine of a light green or olive
colour, and the finer tubuli are injected with dolomite. It may also
be observed that the serpentine in the larger cavities often shows a
banded structure, as if it had been deposited in successive coats, and
the canals are sometimes lined with a tubular film of serpentine, with
a core or axis of dolomite, which also extends into the finer tubuli of
the surfaces of the laminæ. This, on the theory of animal origin, is
the most perfect state of preservation, and it equals anything I have
seen in calcareous organisms of later periods. This state of perfection
is, however, naturally of infrequent occurrence.
[Illustration: Fig. 37.--_Finest Tubuli filled with Dolomite
(magnified)._]
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