_Skeleton dance_, rites of, 183-184 _Skirt_, primitive, 169 _Sky_, wampum string symbolizing, 141-142 _Sluyter, Peter_, and _Dankers, Jaspar_, on Great Spirit, 20 _Smoke_, purification by, 105, 133, 144-145, 197 _Smoking_, at Annual ceremony, 95-96 _Snakes_, bag full of, 35, 153 _Snow Boy_, attributes of, 48, 193 _Society_ of mask owners, 37. See _Mask_ _Soft maple_, bark of, used as dye, 141 _Son of God_, concept of, 57. See _Jesus Christ_ _Songs_, see _Chant_, _Singers_, _Singing_ _Sorrow_ inducing visions, 64-65 _Souls_, immortality of, 52-60, 195-196; nature of, 90; of animals, 50; transmigration of, 59 _South_, ceremonial significance of, 93, 108, 119-120, 122, 147; manĭʹtowŭk of, 25-26; significance of, in vision, 74; thanksgiving to, 89 _Southeast_, ceremonial significance of, 120 _Southward_, the direction of Heaven, 54, 56 _Southwest_, Heaven of Minsi located in, 54 _Speaker_, at Annual ceremony, 85, 87-92, 98, 107-108, 110, 120; at Doll dance, 164-165; at Minsi ceremony, 133-134; at Mĭsiʹngʷ‛ dance, 153-154; at Peyote rite, 188; at Thanksgiving ceremony, 141-142 _Speech_, at Annual ceremony, 87-92, 98; at Doll dance, 164; at Feast of first fruits, 145; at Minsi ceremony, 133-134 _Spirit_, of corn, 43; of light, 23-24; of otter, 50, 176; of peyote, 187, 189-190; of sun as guardian, 76; within earth, 28-29 _Spirit road_, see _Peyote road_ _Spirits_, animal, as guardians, 49-50; land of, 52-54; lesser, 194; of animals, 118, 125; of dead, as guardians, 71-72; of plants, 17, 51, 118, 125; of stones, 17, 51; wampum string symbolizing, 141-142; wigwams of, 54. See _Guardian spirit_, _Lesser manĭʹtowŭk_, _Souls_ _Spoons_, of bark in Minsi ceremony, 131, 137; musselshells as, 97 _Spring_, ceremony of Mask Being in, 35; Minsi ceremony in, 128, 197; Mĭsiʹngʷ‛ dance in, 152-156; thanksgiving in, 89, 139; thunder in, 29 _Spring dance_ of Weopĕʹlakis, 36. See _Mĭsiʹngʷ‛ dance_ _Spring Flying Things_, see _Thunder Beings_ _Spybuck, Ernest_, acknowledgment to, 14 _Squashes_, offering of, 144; thanks to, 134 _Staff_ at Peyote rite, 187, 189 _Stamp_ or _Stomp dance_, 119. See _Annual ceremony_ _Stars_, wampum string symbolizing, 141-142 _Steam_ carrying prayers, 124 _Stick_, of Mask impersonator, 34, 150, 155; sticks: as invitations to ceremony, 132; at Peyote rite, 187; beating by, 58; carried by Pa‛ʹtŭmawas, 127-128; transformed into fetishes, 162; used in Minsi ceremony, 131, 139-141 _Stockbridge Mission_, documents of, 170 _Stockings_, bearskin, of Mask impersonator, 41. See _Leggings_ _Stone masks_ found in New Jersey and vicinity, 38-41 _Stones_, spirits of, 17, 51 _Strachey, William_, on concept of Four Winds, 26-27