Freed persons; Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877); Southern States -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950
Returns are yet to be received from the parishes of Claiborne,
Natchitoches, Winn and Sabine, and from Harrison county, Texas. These will
all be given in by the 15th inst., and I shall then be able to determine
the exact number employed upon each plantation and laboring under the new
system. Regarding the average number employed upon each plantation in the
parish of Caddo as a basis for an estimate, the returned rolls will foot
up a list of 7,088 names, and the whole number of freedmen contracted with
during the month of July in the district under my supervision will not
probably exceed 20,000, or fall short of 15,000.
During the month a sufficient length of time has elapsed to render
judgment to a certain extent upon the workings of the new system. That it
has not satisfied a majority of the planters is a conclusion which, from
their disposition at first, was evident would be arrived at. That the
freedmen have accepted the arrangements devised by the government for
their protection so readily and have worked so faithfully, is a matter
for congratulation.
The planters at first expected that, though the power to "control" the
persons of the laborers had been torn from them by the stern requirements
of war, the agents of the bureau would, through the military, confine the
negro to their plantations and compel him to labor for them. In this way
it was thought that the same _regime_ as pursued in times of slavery could
be kept up, and it was this idea which prompted a planter, noted for his
frankness, to remark "that the people of the south desired the government
to continue this supervision for a term of years." Finding that their
ideas of the policy of the government were erroneous, and that they could
not exercise this "controlling power" either directly or indirectly, and
that the freedman was to be placed, as nearly as the circumstances
surrounding his situation would permit, upon the same grounds as the white
laborer, it is but a logical sequence that the planters should be
disappointed and dissatisfied with the work performed by the freedmen.
In this place it may be well to notice that the country is yet in a very
unsettled condition. After a four years' war which has sapped it of all
its resources, and after a life-long servitude for a hard taskmaster, the
negro is liberated from bondage, and he finds the people of the country in
no condition to offer him the most advantageous terms for his services.
This, with the natural desire experienced by all mankind for a period of
repose after that of incessant and forced labor, is one of the causes
which have contributed to render the freedmen negligent and inconstant at
their work.
Reports are constantly brought to this office by the negroes from the
interior that freedmen have been kidnapped and summarily disposed of.
These obtain circulation and credence among all classes, and, whether true
or not, operate disadvantageously to the interests of both the planters
and the freedmen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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