Report on the geology of the Henry MountainsGilbert, Grove Karl
Science
Report on the geology of the Henry Mountains
Gilbert, Grove Karl
Geology -- Utah -- Henry Mountains; Intrusions (Geology) -- Utah -- Henry Mountains
_Laccolites of Other Regions._—In many lands geologists have observed
intrusive rocks occurring in great bodies, but I am not aware that such
a system as that of the Henry Mountains has ever been described.
Doubtless all such bodies are laccolitic, but the combination of
conditions which this field presents can rarely be repeated. In the
first place the strata which here contain the laccolites lay level. They
had suffered no displacement before the epoch of irruption, and they
have suffered none since. The laccolitic phenomena stand by themselves,
with nothing to mar their symmetry or complicate their study. In the
next place the laccolites are here assembled in such number and with
such variety of size, form, and horizon that there is little danger of
mistaking accidental features for essential. Again, the region having
been recently elevated is the scene of rapid degradation. Waterways are
deeply corraded, slopes are steep, and escarpments abound. And finally
the climate is so arid that vegetation is exceedingly scant. The rocks
are for the most part bare and their examination is unobstructed.
If the conditions of erosion and climate had been unfavorable in the
Henry Mountains, they could not have yielded the key to the laccolitic
structure; but the key once found, it is to be anticipated that the
structure will be recognized in other laccolites of which the exposures
are less perfect.
If the strata had experienced anterior displacements so as to be
inclined, folded, and faulted, a symmetrical growth of laccolites would
have been impossible, and the mountains would not have yielded a
knowledge of the type form. But the type form being known, it is to be
anticipated that in disturbed regions aberrant forms will be recognized
and referred to the type.
_Possible Analogues of the Laccolite._—All the arches of the Henry
Mountains have been ascribed to laccolites, whether their nuclei were
visible or concealed, and the evidence upon which the latter were
included appears to admit of no controversy. The question arises whether
the great flexures of the Plateau region may not be allied in structure.
The volcano having its homologue in the laccolite, may not broad lava
fields have their homologues beneath displacements of the Kaibab type?
The idea is naturally attractive to one who has made a special study of
laccolites, but it is hardly tenable. There are indeed many points of
resemblance between such flexures as the Waterpocket, and the uplifts of
the Henry Mountains; but the points of contrast are equally conspicuous,
and seem to mark a radical difference.
There is a certain symmetry of form which is characteristic of the
laccolitic arches, but which is rarely seen in the great flexures. And
there is a linear element which is characteristic of the latter, but not
of the former. The great flexures always have direction or trend, and
often exhibit parallelism; the laccolitic arches betray no trend either
individually or collectively.
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