Of poisonous Snakes akin to the Bungarums, there are the _Xenurelaps bungaroides_, founded on a single specimen received from the Khásya hills (north of Sylhet); and the _Megærophis flaviceps_, which inhabits the Indo-Chinese and the Malayan countries, but not India. The latter attains to more than six feet in length, and when alive or fresh the head and neck are vivid blood-red, which soon fades to a pale buff hue in specimens immersed in spirit, and hence the faulty name of _flaviceps_. As many as seven genera--_Glyphodon_, with two ascertained species; _Diemansia_, with four; _Hoplocephalus_, with eight; _Pseudechis_, with one; _Pseudo-naja_, with one; _Brachysoma_, with three; and _Vermicalla_, with one--are peculiar to Australia with Tasmania, making twenty known species of Colubriform Venemous Snakes in that range of territory, where others doubtless remain to be discovered; and there is one described as _Pseudo-elaps superciliaris_, which is suspected to be a second species of _Pseudo-naja_. The _Cyrtophis scutatus_ of South Africa is a sort of hoodless Cobra, without any small teeth behind its fangs. In America there is only the genus _Elaps_, with numerous species, which are mostly of small size, and in some instances are very brightly coloured, as one of the Coral Snakes[15] of Brazil (_E. corallinus_), which is beautiful coral-red, with the body encircled by equidistant black rings. The genus _Elaps_ in America is represented in Africa by _Homorelaps_, in the Indian region by _Callophis_, and in Australia by _Vermicalla_. In general, these are small and slender Snakes, too much so to be held in much dread. What Dr. Günther remarks of the species of _Callophis_ will apply, as we believe, equally to the others:--"They appear to prefer hilly countries to the plains, live constantly on the ground, and are slow in their movements. In their habits, in their form, and in their powerless muscular organization, they show the greatest similarity to the _Calamariæ_; and this is why the _Callophides_ feed almost entirely on the latter, the Venemous Snake being able to overpower the non-Venemous. Both of these genera have also the same geographical distribution; and Ceylon, where we do not find the _Calamariæ_, is not inhabited by a single _Callophis_. If we are allowed to judge from the number of individuals of both genera brought to Europe in collections, the _Calamariæ_ are about twice as numerous as the _Callophides_." Cantor, who had opportunities of observing them, states that they are generally seen lying motionless, with the body thrown into many irregular folds, but not coiled. Although they are diurnal, their sight, from the minuteness of the pupil, appears to be as defective as their sense of hearing, and they may be closely approached without apparently being aware of danger. He never observed them to strike voluntarily, even when provoked, and he had difficulty in making an adult _C.