Research methods in ecologyClements, Frederic E. (Frederic Edward)
Science
Research methods in ecology
Clements, Frederic E. (Frederic Edward)
Plant ecology; Plant ecology -- Methodology
=137. The form of results.= It is almost inevitable that the general
adoption of precise methods of measuring the habitat will result in a
common form for expressing the physical character of the latter. An
actual diagnosis of each habitat is not a difficult matter, after the
factors are carefully measured, and will unquestionably lead to very
desirable definiteness and precision. The accurate investigation of the
physical factors of a number of habitats for one growing season
furnishes the necessary material for a diagnosis based upon the mean for
the growing season. Similar results for two or three seasons will yield
a diagnosis as accurate and as final as that of a formation, or, indeed,
as that of many species. The author’s investigations have not yet gone
far enough to warrant proposing a final form for this, but the following
diagnosis is offered as a suggestion:
_Elymus-Muhlenbergia-chalicium._ Habitat: holard 9 per cent, chresard 8
per cent, relative humidity 40 per cent, light 0.6, soil colluvial
gravel (gravel 70 per cent, sand 27 per cent, silt 3 per cent), air
temperature 65°, surface 82°, soil 59°, wind 10 miles, rainfall 8
inches, altitude 2,800 m., slope 23°, exposure south, surface even,
cover open, no active biotic agencies.
The detailed comparison of habitats is made most readily by the graphic
method of curves, which constitute the most desirable form of expression
in connection with the original record upon which they are based. Factor
means are particularly desirable for diagnostic purposes, and they
furnish valuable curves also. Factor sums are impracticable at present,
and it seems doubtful that they will ever be of much value. It is by no
means impossible, however, that a more detailed and exact knowledge of
the physiology of adaptation, coupled with methods of precision in the
habitat, will render them necessary.
_Factor Records_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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