Researches on the Visual Organs of the TrilobitesLindström, Gustaf
Science
Researches on the Visual Organs of the Trilobites
Lindström, Gustaf
Trilobites
=Proetus= STEININGER.
There are some indistinct indications of maculæ in several of the
hypostomas figured in BARRANDE'S Système pl. 15.
_Proet. signatus_ LINDSTR., Gotl. Trilob. Pl. XV fig. 17, shows very
distinctly the two maculæ.
=Proet. concinnus= DALM.
Pl. VI figs. 19-23.
In this, as well as in the few other species of Proetus which we have
studied, there is that peculiarity of the surface of the hypostoma that
two more or less distinct ridges form an acute angle just below the
faintly arcuated anterior border. The terrace lines are exactly alike
those of the Phillipsiæ, only visible on the central field and ceasing
just above the maculæ, where there is a transverse smooth field. The
posterior margin has two pair of very short points, one on each side.
The macula are lengthened tubercles, somewhat bent and have an oblique
position. They are surrounded by tiny prickles and as seen in fig.
23 the macula proper forms a white, elliptic spot on the tubercle.
The cephalic eyes are lengthened prisms covered by a thick membrane.
They are convex at their base and in a transverse section they show a
radiate structure of their interior.
_Proet. conspersus_ ANGELIN.
Pl. VI figs. 24-26.
We have figured a decorticated hypostoma with impressions of two
reniform maculæ. The vertical sections of the cephalic eyes show a thin
stratum where the lenses are much shorter than in the previous species
and covered by a thin film of the common test. The same is also the
case in a species which probably is Proet. verrucosus.
_Proet. signatus_ LINDSTRÖM.
Pl. VI figs. 27-30.
On the lateral borders of the hypostoma there are short spines, two
on each side, but they are placed differently on the specimens and
even wanting in some. The elongated, elliptical maculæ bear in their
lower end a white spot on which is seen a little cluster of a varying
number of small, segregated ocelli, from three to five, according to
the different specimens, like so many black points. The maculæ attain
the exceptional length of 4,7 millim. in some specimens, but commonly
only 2 millim. We have as yet not been able to detect these remarkable
ocelli in any other species of Proetus.
Ptychoparia CORDA.
WALCOTT in »Palæontology of the Eureka District», gives on plate X fig.
21 a representation of a hypostoma which near the posterior margin
shows two maculæ as narrow, crescentlike ridges and above them two
longer and thicker ridges directed obliquely toward the central axis of
the hypostoma.
=Ptychopyge= ANG.
Previous figures of hypostomas with maculæ are the following:
_Pt. aciculata_ BR. II, pl. 1 fig. 13.
_Pt. glabrata_ BR. II, pl. 1 fig. 14.
=Pt. aciculata= ANG.
Pl. VI figs. 40, 41
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