BREATHING, art of, 3; an amplification of the daily habit, 5; defined as singing, 23; correct, 25, 28; not differing in sex, 26; vicious habits of, 26; controlling deeply, 26; tests of, 26; nose versus mouth, 26; regularity of, 26; in obtaining power and largeness of tone, 27; for high tones, 27; relation of, to nervousness, 27; rhythmic, 27; necessity of exercises, 27; illustrations of, 28, 29; exercises in, 33-37; economy in, 30; tests in, by Professor Mills, 30; exaggerated control of, 30; exhaustion, 31; initial force in, 31; reserve power in, 31; mastery of, 32. (See also _Abdominal breathing_.) BROSCHI, DON CARLO, breath control of, 36. BROWNE, DR. LENNOX, on the laryngoscope, 3. BROWNE and BEHNKE, on nasal resonance, 53. CHEST, expansion of and resonance, 49. CHEST-ABDOMINAL BREATHING, 25; illustrated in sleeping child, 25; tests in, 26; illustrated, 28, 29. CHEST TONES, former emphasis given to, 2; wrongly termed, 5. CLAY, HENRY, as a good speaker, 16. CLOSED TONES, former emphasis given to, 2; wrongly termed, 5. CRYER, DR. W.H., on the frontal sinus, 12. CULTURE OF THE VOICE (see _Voice culture_). DEEP BREATHING, importance of, for the actor, 19. (See also _Breathing_.) DETERRENTS TO BEAUTIFUL SINGING, 84, 85. DIAPHRAGM, in breathing, 19; not a muscle of expiration, 23; described, 23, 24; in inspiration, 24; in expiration, 24; illustrated, 24, 29. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SINGING AND SPEAKING, 17. EAR, function of, in tone production, 57; training of, 57. EE-sound, lip position for, 20; in exercises, 57, 59, etc. EFFORT, TENSE, a deterrent to beautiful singing, 84. EMOTION, effect on tone quality, 7; excess of, a deterrent to beautiful singing, 84. EMPIRICISTS, where they have failed, 4. EPIGLOTTIS, 10. ESSENTIALS, application of, 79. ETHMOID BONE, 8. ETHMOIDAL SINUSES, illustrated, 7; function of, 12. EVERETT, EDWARD, as a good speaker, 16. EXERCISES, BREATHING: necessity of, 27, 33; preliminary suggestions, 33, 34; attitude in taking, 34; I, to show what a deep breath is, 34; II, slow inhalation with sudden expulsion, 35; III, sipping the breath, with quick exhalation, 35; IV, for rib expansion, 35; V, slow inhalation with slow expiration, 36; VI, rapid inspiration with slow expiration, 36; VII, Farinelli's great exercise, 36; VIII, the cleansing breath, 37; half breath, 37.