Rites and Ritual: A Plea for Apostolic Doctrine and WorshipFreeman, Philip
Religion
Rites and Ritual: A Plea for Apostolic Doctrine and Worship
Freeman, Philip
Church of England -- Customs and practices; Church of England -- Liturgy; Rites and ceremonies; Ritualism; Sacraments
The old ritual words, "legere," "dicere," "cantare," continue
in the reformed, just as of old in the unreformed rubrics. They
had a definite meaning in the Latin Service Books. There is not
a vestige of a hint that they are to have any other than their
old meaning in the vernacular and remodelled Offices. They are
often loosely used as almost convertible expressions. "Dicere"
rather expresses the simpler; "cantare," the more _ornate_ mode
of musical reading. The word "legere" simply denoted "recitation
from a book," without any reference to the particular _mode_ of
the recitation. Applied to the Gospel in the old rubrics, it
would simply express that the Gospel was to be here "recited,"
according to the accustomed "Cantus Evangelii." The same
with other parts of the service. As "legere" did not signify
_non_-musical recitation in the old rubrics, so neither does it
in the revised. In fact, in two or three instances, it is used
avowedly as synonymous with "say or sing,"--_e. g._ in the cases
both of the "Venite" and the Athanasian Creed. These of course
are definitely ordered to be "said" or "sung,"--_i. e._ "said"
on the monotone, or "sung" to the regular chant.
But yet in two rubrics which merely deal with the _position
where_, on certain particular occasions, they are to be
recited (the rubrics _not_ adverting to the _mode_ of their
recitation), the general term "read" is applied to them--"The
Venite shall be _read_ here."
Now, as the _rubrical directions_ respecting the performance
of the Services are virtually the same in the old and the new
Office, so is the _music itself_ as given in Merbecke. His book
is nothing more than an adaptation, in a _very_ simplified form,
of the old Latin Ritual Song to our English Service. Cranmer's
Rule is rigidly followed--"as near as may be, for every syllable
a note."
The Priest's part throughout is very little inflected. Even the
'Sursum Corda' and 'Proper Preface' in the Communion Offices are
plain monotone; as well (of course) as all the Prayers.
But the Introit, Offertory Sentences, Post Communion,
Pater-noster, Sanctus, Agnus-Dei, Credo, 'Gloria in Excelsis,'
in most of which the people would be expected to join, are all
inflected, though the music is plain and simple.
That there was not even the _remotest_ intention of doing
away with the immemorial practice of the Church of God (alike
in Jewish as in Christian times), of employing some mode of
solemn Musical Recitation for the saying of the Divine Offices,
is further evident by the rubric relating to the Lessons. Of
course, _if_, in _any_ part of the Services, the ordinary
colloquial tone of voice should be employed, it plainly ought to
be in the Lessons.
But not even here was such an innovation contemplated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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