Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religionHartland, Edwin Sidney
Religion
Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religion
Hartland, Edwin Sidney
Ethnopsychology; Magic; Religion; Rites and ceremonies
The rhetorician perhaps regarded this Celtic practice as a useless
piece of bravado, and only cited it by way of climax to his
illustrations of Celtic daring and recklessness. There is little doubt
that to the Celts themselves it was quite different. The sea and the
waves were looked upon as personal beings with whom it was possible
literally to fight, and who might even be overcome. {162} Such a view
is common to many seaboard peoples. A curiously parallel tradition is
found among the Malays at Jugra on the Selangor coast concerning the
bore of the Langat River. This bore was conceived to be caused by the
passage of a gigantic animal, probably a dragon. When it came up the
river the Malays used to go out in small canoes or dug-outs to “sport
amongst the breakers,” frequently getting upset for their pains.
Eventually however, as Mr Skeat was told, the bore was killed by a
Malay, who struck it upon the head with a stick. Whether from this
cause or from the diversion of the stream into a new channel to the
sea, there is no longer a bore in the river.[162.1] We may conclude
that the Malays who went out to sport among the breakers really went
to assail the bore in force, and that when the bore ceased to flow the
belief arose that one of them had attacked it successfully and killed
it.
European folk-tales have been found recording a similar belief. Among
the Basques we are told that a witch once determined to sink a certain
fishing-boat and drown its crew. Her plan was to overwhelm it with
three immense waves, the first of milk, the second of tears, and the
third of blood. The boat might ride in safety over the first two; but
the third wave would be herself in person, and the only way to escape
would be to launch a harpoon into the midst of it: the weapon would
pierce her heart, and the boat with its crew would be saved. With the
want of caution which, fortunately for the heroes of folk-tales, is so
remarkable a characteristic of cunning and malevolent beings, the plot
was laid in the hearing of the cabin-boy. At the critical moment he
nerved his arm to fling the harpoon, and struck the wave in the midst.
It divided and dashed upon the shore, {163} covering all the strand
with a bloody foam. The bark was saved; but on his return the master
found his wife dying of her wound, for she was the witch who had
planned the destruction of her husband and his craft.[163.1] This
Basque story, though only recorded in a literary version, appears to
be a genuine folk-tale, since it is also found substantially the same
among the traditions of the Frisian Islands and Norway.[163.2]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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