Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religionHartland, Edwin Sidney
Religion
Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religion
Hartland, Edwin Sidney
Ethnopsychology; Magic; Religion; Rites and ceremonies
This done, the women fall to eating and drinking. When they have
finished they begin singing to the accompaniment of drums. The men are
then admitted to the house. In some villages the old men have free
access that evening to the room of the girl in whose honour the feast
is given, while the other guests amuse themselves with {277} singing
outside. After this celebration the girl is entitled to free
intercourse with men, even before puberty.[277.1] In East-Central
Africa the Azimba maiden is artificially deflowered during a period of
retirement and instruction in the forest. When the retirement is over
she celebrates her attainment of puberty by a dance in which only
women take part. That night a man, hired by her father for the
purpose, sleeps with her, and once this is done she is supposed to
have no further intercourse with him. Often, however, she is already
married before puberty, and consequently no longer a maiden. None the
less is she taken from her husband that the puberty customs may be
performed. When she is brought back he himself sleeps with her
apparently as a ritual act, without the necessity of hiring a man for
the purpose.[277.2] Among the Wanyasa, or Mang’anja, at the southern
end of Lake Nyasa, ceremonies are performed similar to those of the
_Intonjane_ (girls’ puberty ceremonies) of South Africa, and every
girl on her return after the initiation must find some man “to be with
her,” otherwise she will die.[277.3] The _Intonjane_ among the
Kaffirs is well known to be an occasion of sexual indulgence. It may
be surmised that the ceremonies of the Suahili on the east coast were
originally similar to those just mentioned. But the Suahili have
become partially Arabized, though their Mohammedanism is little more
than a veneer over their heathen customs and belief. Among them now a
girl returns from her seclusion in silence and gives her hand to every
man she meets, receiving from him in return a few small coins.[277.4]
It is said that the girls of {278} the Wamegi, also a tribe near the
coast, are artificially deflowered at puberty by certain old
women.[278.1] Artificial defloration at puberty is also practised by
the Sawu Islanders. The Sakalava girls in Madagascar perform it on
themselves in case their parents have not previously taken the
trouble.[278.2] Other examples could be cited, but the subject need
not be pursued.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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