Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religionHartland, Edwin Sidney
Religion
Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religion
Hartland, Edwin Sidney
Ethnopsychology; Magic; Religion; Rites and ceremonies
But man is not the only being who possesses _orenda_. The _orenda_ of
his quarry sometimes foils his own. The cicada chirping in the fields
ripens the maize for the Iroquois; the _orenda_ of the rabbit controls
the snow and fixes the depth to which it must fall. The awful
mountain, the treacherous sea, those mighty beings who command the
winds, who send forth the storm, who rule in the darkness and mystery
of the forest, possess an _orenda_ surpassing man’s. It is useless to
pit his _orenda_ against theirs. Therefore he must adopt a different
course. He must lay down his _orenda_ and submit it to theirs. This is
the literal meaning of the Iroquoian phrase which signifies in modern
usage “He habitually prays.”[92.2] He must take such a course as he
would to {93} obtain assistance from a human being (say, a powerful
chief), or to conciliate an enemy. By gift, by abasement, by
abstinence, by self-torture, by cajolery he must win this powerful
_orenda_ to his side. Of these efforts abstinence and abasement are
negative forms of propitiation. They are perhaps the earliest forms.
If our reports be complete (on which we may have our doubts),
abstinence is the only form used among the Andaman Islanders, where
belief is said to outrun active worship.[93.1] In any case a taboo
for propitiatory purposes is very early and very persistent. Not
without insight does the poet tell us that Caliban
“Will let those quails fly, will not eat this month
One little mess of whelks, so he may ’scape.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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