Their numbers are very great; several have been seen by the naked
eye, and the telescope has increased the number to hundreds. What
they are, or what purpose they fulfil in the economy of nature, is
unknown. That they are material bodies of some sort, is known from
their being attracted by other bodies near which they pass. A few of
them are considered as permanent members of the system, as they return
at certain periods to the sun, moving in very elliptic orbits, some
of which are known. The comet which appeared in 1835, afforded all
an opportunity of seeing it. The important point, relative to this,
was that its orbit is known, and the interval between its periodical
returns has been calculated. Comets of much greater magnitude and
more splendid appearance have been seen, yet this, as it relates to
astronomy, is the most important of all. The honor of first predicting
its return belongs to Dr. Halley, a friend and contemporary of Sir
Isaac Newton.
What can be the use or nature of these bodies, is a question which
naturally occurs, but to which science can yet give no satisfactory
answer; their peculiarities being subjects of much greater wonder
to the astronomer, than to the children who gaze on them. They are
material bodies, it is true, yet composed of such materials as almost
to leave one in doubt as to their deserving the name.
The younger Herschel says that “the most unsubstantial clouds that
float in the higher regions of the atmosphere, may be looked upon as
dense and massive bodies, compared with the filmy and all but spiritual
texture of a comet.” It is even probable that the substance is not to
be compared for density with the air we breathe; that if a volume of
cometary matter could be weighed, it would not be found so heavy as an
equal volume of atmosphere.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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