[Footnote 65: A. Geikie, "Ancient Volcanoes of Gt Britain," =1= (1897), 25. Also C. Reid and H. Dewey, "Pillow lava of Cornwall," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., =64= (1908), 264.] [Footnote 66: Anderson, "Volcano of Matavanu," _ibid._, =66= (1910), 632.] [Footnote 67: Dewey and Flett, "British Pillow lavas," Geol. Mag. (1911), 202 and 241.] [Footnote 68: Steinmann, "Die Schardtsche Ueberfaltungstheorie &c.," Ber. nat. Gesell. Freiburg i. B., =16= (1905), 44.] [Footnote 69: Doelter, "Petrogenesis" (1906), 33 and 109-123.] [Footnote 70: Harker, _op. cit._, ref. 58, p. 82.] [Footnote 71: Iddings, _op. cit._, ref. 58, p. 280.] [Footnote 72: Brögger, "Die Eruptionsfolge bei Predazzo," Vidensskab. Skrifter (1895), No. 7, p. 152.] [Footnote 73: Daly, "Secondary origin of certain Granites," Am. Journ. Sci., Ser. 4, =20= (1905), 185, with useful references to Bayley and others.] [Footnote 74: Hawes, "The Albany granite and its contact phenomena," _ibid._, Ser. 3, =21= (1881), 31.] [Footnote 75: G. A. J. Cole, "Geology of Slieve Gallion," Sci. Trans. R. Dublin Soc., =6= (1897), 242.] [Footnote 76: Daly, "Mechanism of igneous intrusion," Am. Journ. Sci., Ser. 4, =15= (1903), 269, and later.] [Footnote 77: For a recent review in favour of this theory, see Loewinson Lessing, "The fundamental problems of Petrogenesis," Geol. Mag. (1911), 248 and 289.] [Footnote 78: Darwin, "Geological Observations on volcanic islands" (1844), chap. VI.] [Footnote 79: Brögger, "Die Eruptivgesteine des Kristianiagebietes" (1894 &c.).] [Footnote 80: Harker, _op. cit._, ref. 58, chaps. XIII and XIV.] [Footnote 81: Daly, "Origin of the alkaline rocks," Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., =21= (1910), 108, and "Magmatic differentiation in Hawaii," Journ. Geol., =19= (1911), 309. See, however, H. I. Jensen, as to primitive accumulation of alkalies in the upper layers; "The distribution of Alkaline Rocks," Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., =33= (1908), 521.] [Footnote 82: Schwarz, "Causal Geology" (1910).] [Footnote 83: Doelter, _op. cit._, ref. 69, pp. 71-213.] [Footnote 84: Judd, "On Tertiary gabbros &c.," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., =42= (1886), 54.] [Footnote 85: Harker, _op. cit._, ref. 58, p. 90, and Nature (Sept 1911), 319. See also Jensen, ref. 81, p. 522.] [Footnote 86: Dewey and Flett, _op. cit._, ref. 67, p. 245.] [Footnote 87: Steinmann, _op. cit._, ref. 68, p. 64.] [Footnote 88: See especially W. J. Sollas, "The volcanic district of Carlingford," Trans. R. I. Acad., =30= (1894), 502.] [Footnote 89: A. Geikie, _op. cit._, ref. 65, =2=, 344 and fig. 348.] [Footnote 90: Branner, "Decomposition of rocks in Brazil," Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., =7= (1896), 255.] [Footnote 90: Macculloch, "Description of the Western Islands of Scotland," =1= (1819), 267.]