Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode.Thompson, Edward P. (Edward Pruden)
History
Roentgen Rays and Phenomena of the Anode and Cathode.
Thompson, Edward P. (Edward Pruden)
X-rays
phosphoresced by giving spots here and there, but they did not
phosphoresce at a greater distance, and the light was probably not due
to the X-rays. Edison attributed the result directly to the “electrical
discharge.” The list is as follows: ammonium sulphur cyanide, calcic
formate, and nitrate, ferric citrate, argentic nitrate, calcic and iron
citrate, soda, lime, “zinc, cyanide” (perhaps this means cyanide of
zinc), zinc hypermanganate, and zinc valeriate. The salts of the
following metals did not fluoresce under the influence of the X-rays.
Aluminum, antimony, arsenic, boron, beryllium, bismuth, barium,
chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, iridium, magnesium, manganese, nickel,
tin, and titanium.
[Illustration:
ROENTGEN RAYS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA.
1. Watch and chain.
2. College badges in mahogany box.
3. Copper coin.
4. Weights in heavy velvet-lined mahogany box; blank space contains
aluminum.
5. Coins in inner pocket of heavy seal purse.
6 and 7. Colored glass.
8. Key
9. Lead-pencil.
_West. Elect._, Mar. ’96.
]
Edison stated that the following substances were among those which
fluoresced more or less under the action of the X-rays. Mercurous
chloride, mercury diphenyl, cadmic iodide, calcic sulphide, potassic
bromide, plumbic tetrametaphosphate, potassic iodide, plumbic bromide,
plumbic sulphate, fluorite, powdered lead glass, pectolite, sodic
cressotinate, ammonic salicylate, and salicylic acid. Compared with the
above, the following fluoresced less. Powdered German glass, baric,
calcic and sodic fluorides, sodic, mercuric, cadmic, argentic and
plumbic chlorides, plumbic iodide, sodic bromide, cadmic and “cadmium,
lithia bromide, mercury, cadmium sulphate,” uranic sulphate, phosphate,
nitrate, and acetate, molybdic acid, dry potassic silicate, sodic
bromide, wulfenite, orthoclase, andalucite, herdinite, pyromorphite,
apatite, calcite, danburnite, calcic carbonate, strontic acetate, sodic
tartrate, baric sulphobenzoic, calcic iodide, and natural and artificial
ammonium benzoic. Not one of all the 1800 crystals and precipitates
fluoresced through a thick cardboard under the influence of the arc
light, 16 inch spark in air, a vacuum tube so highly exhausted that a 10
inch spark left it dark, nor the direct rays of the sun at noon time. As
calcic tungstate was phosphorescent by friction, he theorized that the
X-ray is a wave due to concussion.
Flame sensitive to X-rays. Edison stated that his assistants submitted
the sensitive flame and the phonographic listening tube to the action of
the X-rays, and found that they were responsive thereto.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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