Roman Antiquities, and Ancient Mythology: For Classical Schools (2nd ed)Dillaway, Charles K. (Charles Knapp)
History
Roman Antiquities, and Ancient Mythology: For Classical Schools (2nd ed)
Dillaway, Charles K. (Charles Knapp)
Mythology, Classical; Rome -- Antiquities
Of all the various characters of this goddess, there is no one more
known than that of her presiding over woods, and delighting in hunting.
The Diāna Venatrix, or goddess of the chase, is frequently represented
as running on, with her vest flying back with the wind, notwithstanding
its being shortened, and girt about her for expedition. She is tall of
stature, and her face, though so very handsome, is something manly. Her
feet are sometimes bare, and sometimes adorned with a sort of buskin,
which was worn by the huntresses of old. She often has a quiver on her
shoulder, and sometimes holds a javelin, but more usually her bow, in
her right hand. It is thus she makes her appearance in several of her
statues, and it is thus the Roman poets describe her, particularly in
the epithets they give this goddess, in the use of which they are so
happy that they often bring the idea of whole figures of her into your
mind by a single word. The statues of this Diāna were very frequent in
woods: she was represented there in all the different ways they could
think of; sometimes as hunting, sometimes as bathing, and sometimes as
resting herself after her fatigue. The height of Diāna's stature is
frequently marked out in the poets, and that, generally, by comparing
her with her nymphs.
Another great character of Diāna is that under which she is represented
as the intelligence which presides over the planet of the moon; in which
she is depicted in her car as directing that planet. Her figure under
this character is frequently enough to be met with on gems and medals,
which generally exhibit her with a lunar crown, or crescent on her
forehead, and sometimes as drawn by stags, sometimes by does, but, more
commonly than either, by horses. The poets speak of her chariot and her
horses; they agree with the artists in giving her but two, and show,
that the painters of old generally drew them of a perfect white color.
A third remarkable way of representing Diāna was with three bodies; this
is very common among the ancient figures of the goddess, and it is hence
the poets call her the triple, the three-headed, and the three-bodied
Diāna. Her distinguishing name under this triple appearance is Hecăte,
or Trivia; a goddess frequently invoked in enchantments, and fit for
such black operations; for this is the infernal Diana, and as such is
represented with the characteristics of a fury, rather than as one of
the twelve great celestial deities: all her hands hold instruments of
terror, and generally grasp either cords, or swords, or serpents, or
fire-brands.
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