Roman Public LifeGreenidge, A. H. J. (Abel Hendy Jones)
History
Roman Public Life
Greenidge, A. H. J. (Abel Hendy Jones)
Constitutional history -- Rome; Rome -- Politics and government
The home administration can be adequately considered only when we deal
with the separate magistracies. But the common form in which it asserted
itself may be considered here. This was the right of issuing commands in
the form of edicts (_jus edicendi_), applicable to the special branches
of administration under the control of the magistrates, from the quaestor
to the consul.[616] The edicts of all the magistrates corresponded to one
another in their general form; they contained commands, prohibitions,
and advice. They were all at an early period issued in writing, and the
difference between them was simply that while some, such as those of the
consuls and quaestors, were occasional and, when the necessity for them
had passed, withdrawn, others, such as those of the censors, praetors,
curule aediles and provincial governors, were continuous (_perpetua_),
as being called forth by ever-present necessities, and were therefore
transmitted by magistrates to their successors (_tralaticia_). Prominent
in their continuity were those of the censors and praetors; while the one
created a code of Roman morality, the other developed a system of legal
procedure.
The administrative duties abroad belonged exclusively to the magistrates
with _imperium_, i.e. in the ordinary course of things to the consuls
and praetors, in exceptional circumstances to the dictator.[617] The
treatment of provincial administration may be deferred until we deal with
the provinces and the pro-magistracy which imperial government created.
Here we may appropriately notice the exceptional powers which military
command gave to the magistrate over the persons and services of the
burgesses, and the honours which it conferred on its possessor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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