Roman Society from Nero to Marcus AureliusDill, Samuel
Philosophy
Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius
Dill, Samuel
Rome -- Religion; Rome -- Social life and customs
Priscilla an almost royal burial.(666) Embalmed with all the spices and
fragrant odours of the East, and canopied with purple, her body was borne
to her last stately home of marble on the Appian Way.(667)
Some of the great imperial freedmen were of less unexceptionable character
than Claudius Etruscus and Abascantus, and had a more troubled career.
Callistus, Narcissus, and Pallas, were deeply involved in the intrigues
and crimes connected with the history of Messalina and Agrippina.
Callistus had a part in the murder of Caligula, and prolonged his power in
the following reign. Narcissus revealed the shameless marriage of
Messalina with Silius, and, forestalling the vacillation of Claudius, had
the imperial harlot ruthlessly struck down as she lay grovelling in the
gardens of Lucullus.(668) But he incurred the enmity of a more formidable
woman even than Messalina, and his long career of plunder was ended by
suicide.(669) Pallas had an even longer and more successful, but a not
less infamous and tragic career.(670) Of all the great freedmen, probably
none approached him in magnificent insolence. When he was impeached along
with Burrus, on a groundless charge of treason, and when some of his
freedmen were called in evidence as his supposed accomplices, the old
slave answered that he had never degraded his voice by speaking in such
company.(671) Never, even in those days of self-abasement, did the Senate
sink so low as in its grovelling homage to the servile minister. At a
meeting of the august body in the year 52, the consul designate made a
proposal, which was seconded by a Scipio, that the praetorian insignia,
and a sum of HS.15,000,000, should be offered to Pallas, together with the
thanks of the state that the descendant of the ancient kings of Arcadia
had thought less of his illustrious race than of the common weal, and had
deigned to be enrolled in the service of the prince!(672) When Claudius
reported that his minister was satisfied with the compliment, and prayed
to be allowed to remain in his former poverty, a senatorial decree,
engraved on bronze, was set up to commemorate the old-fashioned frugality
of the owner of HS.300,000,000! His wealth was gained during a career of
enormous power in the worst days of the Empire. He was one of the lovers
of Agrippina,(673) and, when he made her empress on the death of
Messalina, two kindred spirits for a time ruled the Roman world. He
gratified his patroness by securing the adoption of Nero by Claudius, and
he was probably an accomplice in that emperor’s murder. But his fate was
involved with that of Agrippina. When Nero resolved to shake off the
tyranny of that awful woman, his first step was to remove the haughty
freedman from his offices.(674) Pallas left the palace in the second year
of Nero’s reign. For seven years he lived on undisturbed. But at last his
vast wealth, which had become a proverb, became too tempting to the
spendthrift prince, and Pallas was quietly removed by poison.(675)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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