[95] Dom. State Papers. Chas. II. 172. 13. [96] Letters to Williamson, Vol. I. p. 143, Aug. 4, 1673. [97] Letters to Williamson, Vol. II. p. 21, Sept. 19, 1673. [98] Campbell, II. p. 47. [99] Hist. MSS. Com. Rept. 12. Fleming MSS. p. 162. [100] Campbell, II. p. 246. [101] Ibid. II. 245. Memoir of Prince Rupert, Preface. {332} CHAPTER XIX RUPERT'S POSITION AT COURT. HIS CARE FOR DISTRESSED CAVALIERS. HIS INVENTIONS. LIFE AT WINDSOR. DEATH Of Rupert's later life in England, apart from his naval career, there is not much to tell. In the dissolute court of the Restoration there was no place for Rupert of the Rhine. He represented the older Cavaliers. He had stood side by side and fought on many a field with the fathers of the men who adorned the Court of Charles II; but with the sons, the children of the exiles, he could have no sympathy. Much has been said and written contrasting those fathers and sons, the men who died for Charles I, and the men who lived with Charles II. But no contrast is stronger than that of the two Kings themselves,--of the grave, dignified, blundering, narrow, but ever earnest martyr-king, with the dissolute, easy-going, but always shrewd, merry monarch. The Cavaliers of the Civil War were, as we have seen, by no means free from faults and follies; but the real difference between them and their successors lay less in individual character than in ideal. In the first half of the seventeenth century religious feeling had been strong in all classes, and the tone of morality high. Devotion to duty was strongly inculcated, and men believed it their duty to sacrifice themselves for their King, or for their opinions as the case might be. That most of the Cavaliers were willing to offer their sacrifices in their own way only, and that many were desirous of gaining rewards for their services may be granted; but the fact remains that they did {333} sacrifice themselves, and clung loyally to their Sovereign when all hope of reward was passed.