All these disadvantages may be overcome by more community of interest among workers of all classes for their comfort and improvement outside their tasks. It is a fact that associations for the advancement of workers in social and political freedom and mutual self-support have grown most rapidly in the neighborhood of factories, where division of labor is extreme. A truly philanthropic spirit may be in entire agreement with the massing of labor for greatest accomplishment. The places of least development are always found where crowds of laborers work in mere gangs or wholly unorganized. The wholesome influences surrounding rural life are everywhere granted so far as physical development goes. They may also be granted in communities of general enterprise with reference to ready ingenuity and judgment. The farmer’s boys moving to the cities carry not only physical strength and endurance but a mental capacity for ready adaptation to emergencies which develops into wisdom. The majority of leaders in great enterprises are still expected to grow up on the farm. This is undoubtedly in part due to the impossibility of cramping by extreme division of labor. At the same time a partial application of its principles is needed to bring leisure for some general culture and larger acquaintance with the progress of the world. As the evils of factory life can be cured by attention, so the weaknesses of rural life can be removed by a careful study of its needs. True education in both quarters is essential as a means of mutual understanding and adjustment of interests. Chapter XIV. Aggregation Of Industry. _Great combinations._—The tendency toward improvement by combination of laborers through the possibilities of division of labor leads to still larger combinations in so-called factory systems, and even to a combination of factories in large corporations. This tendency has been especially marked since the multiplication of labor-saving machines and more perfect systems of transportation. Indeed, the possibility of extensive machine using, as well as extended division of labor, rests upon a combination of many forces under one general management. Beyond these advantages, saving is found in the necessary care for waste products, which often may be turned into profit, greater freedom of action from closer community of interests, greatly enlarged facilities for marketing, and the best possible devices for handling and transporting products.