=Polycystis Violæ=, B. and Br. VIOLET SMUT; sori scattered, elongated, on both surfaces of the leaves and petioles; spores more or less globose, consisting of several cells surrounded by a common irregular crust.—On leaves and petioles of Violets. August. Common. (Plate IX. figs. 185, 186.) =Polycystis pompholygodes=, Lév. BUTTERCUP SMUT; sori varied in form, bullate, epidermis inflated, at first entire, then bursting irregularly, its remains surrounding the clusters; spores copious, subglobose, black, opaque or pellucid.—On _Ranunculus repens_ and other _Ranunculaceæ_. Summer. Very common. (Plate IX. figs. 183, 184.) =Polycystis parallela=, B. and Br. RYE SMUT; sori very long, linear, epidermis bursting longitudinally, spores globose, with several projecting nodules, dark brown.—On culms and sheaths of Rye and on the leaves of Carices. (Plate IX. figs. 187, 188.) TUBURCINIA, _Fr._ _Plant_ deeply seated; _spores_ multicellular, subglobose, or conchiform. _Berk. Outl._, p. 335. =Tuburcinia scabies=, B. POTATO SMUT; spores globose composed of minute cells forming together a hollow globe with one or more lacunæ, generally attached laterally by a slender thread, olive. On Potatoes. Common. (Plate III. fig. 54.) =Tuburcinia Trientalis=, B. and Br. TRIENTALIS SMUT; sori two lines broad, bullate, containing a black mass of rather irregular depressed subglobose spores, which are very opaque and distinctly cellular. Hyphasma white, branched, creeping, delicate.—On leaves of _Trientalis Europæa_. August and September. Scotland. (Plate III. figs. 52, 53.) COLEOSPORIUM, _Lév._ _Spores_ cylindrical, septate, some separating at the joints, some of a different nature, persistent.—_Berk. Outl._, p. 333. =Coleosporium Tussilaginis=, Lév. COLTSFOOT RUST; on the under surface, prominent, crowded, generally forming circles, becoming very confluent; spores numerous, sub-ovate, orange-yellow.—On _Tussilago Farfara_. Summer. Common. (Plate VIII. figs. 180, 181.) =Coleosporium pingue=, Lév. TAWNY ROSE RUST; spots obliterated, sori effuse, on the nerves and petioles of the leaves; spores ovoid, yellowish-brown.—On Roses, &c. =Coleosporium Petasitis=, Lév. BUTTERBUR RUST; on the under surface, minute, depressed, spreading, somewhat aggregate, subconfluent, irregular in form; spores oval, orange, or orange-red.—On _Tussilago Petasites_. Autumn. Common. =Coleosporium Campanulæ=, Lév. CAMPANULA RUST; spots obliterated, brown on the opposite side, sori irregular, confluent, plane, on the under surface; spores subglobose, cohering, yellow, at length pale. On leaves of various Campanulæ. September and October. =Coleosporium Sonchi-arvensis=, Lév. SOW-THISTLE RUST; on the under surface, depressed, irregular in form, scattered, partially confluent; spores ovate, reddish orange.—On _Sonchus oleraceus_ and _arvensis_. Summer. Common. (Plate VIII. figs. 178, 179.)