One of the rusts separated by some botanists from this genus is found (possibly most commonly) on the leaves of the raspberry; but during the past autumn we have met with it plentifully on the upper surface of the leaves of one or two species of bramble, and have never seen it growing on the raspberry, although in all descriptions of the species that is stated to be its habitat. Even to the naked eye this is so distinct, that no one could well confound it with any other. It appears very late in the autumn, and the spots are scattered at some distance apart from each other (Plate VIII. fig. 162); each spot or pustule forming a ring (Plate VIII. fig. 163 enlarged) encircling a cluster of spermogones which occupy the centre. Another rejected species (_Lecythea Lini_, Lev.) occurs on the little purging flax (_Linum catharticum_), forming small pustules on the leaves (Plate VIII. fig. 165); these burst irregularly, and remain surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis (Plate VIII. fig. 166). The yellowish spores are subglobose (Plate VIII. fig. 167), and in the first instance concatenate, or chained together like a necklace, which circumstance has been taken advantage of to place it, with one or two other species, in a separate genus. We cannot claim for the species brought into notice in the present chapter any attractive features resulting from singularity of form, complexity of structure, or delicate tracery, whereby they might commend themselves to mere “searchers after curiosities,” or be recommended from friend to friend as “sensation” objects for the microscope. They _do_ possess an interest and a value, but such as would not be appreciated by those who seek to pass an idle half-hour by gazing at some new thing. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CHAPTER IX. _RUSTS._ A QUARTER of a century ago, and all the fungi enumerated in the preceding and in the present and following chapters would have been arranged under three genera, called respectively _Æcidium_, _Puccinia_, and _Uredo_. Under the last-named genus all the species illustrated in the present chapter, beside many others, would have found “a habitation and a name.” There are still a few which bear the old generic name, and, if only out of respect, we shall grant them the first place.