Rust, Smut, Mildew, & Mould: An Introduction to the Study of Microscopic FungiCooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Science
Rust, Smut, Mildew, & Mould: An Introduction to the Study of Microscopic Fungi
Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Phytopathogenic fungi -- Great Britain
One of the most common is the rust found on the leaves of the
enchanter’s nightshade (_Circæa lutetiana_), sometimes nearly covering
the under surface with its tawny snuff-coloured spores Plate VII. fig.
135). The plant on which it is found is rather local, but the rust
(_Uredo Circææ_) seems to abound wherever the plant on which it is
parasitic flourishes. Another fungus of a very similar external
appearance may be collected, more rarely, from the leaves of the same
plant; but in this the spores are two-celled, or divided by a transverse
partition. This fact is mentioned to guard against disappointment,
should the spores be found to differ from the characters of this
section, and to show that the microscope is essential to the study of
fungi. The spores of the true Uredo are globose and without any
partition Plate VII. fig. 136).
[Illustration:
Plate IX.
W. West imp.
]
We may also observe that a very interesting species may be found on
several species of St. John’s-wort (_Hypericum_), but especially on the
under surface of the leaves of the Tutsan, covering them with its
golden-coloured spores (Plate VIII. fig. 174). Another occurs on the
leaves of some of the wild garlics (_Allium_); one is not uncommon on
some of the stitchworts; another on saxifrages; another on willow-herbs
(_Epilobium_), and one on the leaves of the cowberry. All of these have
yellowish spores. A species with brown spores occurs on sea-lavender
(_Statice_). Space to write on our own part, and patience to read on the
part of others, induce us to dismiss all these species with the bare
allusion to them and the plants on which they may be found. Some of them
may occur in one locality and some in another, and enough has perhaps
been said to enable any one to place any that he may find in the proper
genus, if not with the scientific name.
From the numerous instances we have met with of persons wholly
disinterested in the subject, collecting and making inquiries concerning
the bright orange patches next to be referred to, we are led to conclude
that most persons have, at least, seen them. These patches of
orange-coloured powder burst through the cuticle, and appear on the
young branches of wild roses, extending sometimes for two or three
inches in length Plate VII. fig. 147), and form one of the most
beautiful and obtrusive of the dust-like fungi. It is not confined to
roses; but the meadow-sweet, on which it is also found, does not grow in
localities where its parasite is so liable to meet the gaze of the
ordinary wayfarer. The habit of this rust is more or less that of those
which are associated with it. The pustules are not small and orbicular
as in most instances in other groups (except _Polycystis_), but are
large and irregular, and generally but few together or single. The
spores are variously coloured, and have peduncles, or footstalks, of a
greater or less length. In the rose rust these spores are profuse, but
the peduncle is short (Plate VII. fig. 148).
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