Natural history -- Sahara; Sahara -- Description and travel
All through the dry season—long, weary months among sun-withered
vegetation—these animals frequent the margins of bush and
desert; but when the rains of the Sudan set in they move out
from the sheltered, fly-infested scrub on to the open plains, to
enjoy a far-reaching freedom and the fresh winds of the boundless
spaces. The Red-fronted Gazelle and Damas Gazelle are content with
wandering at no great range beyond their permanent locality, but
the White Oryx and Addax, which have strong nomadic instincts and
ever move restlessly from place to place, wander right away north
when driven from the bush. I have seen them in latitude 18°, and
the footprints of Addax in the sand as far north as latitude 22°,
while Tuaregs of Ahaggar report the same animal to be west of the
mountains on latitude 25°. This is not altogether surprising in
respect to the Addax, as a few are found south of Tunis and Algeria,
but it may not always be realised that the main stock of the species
originates in the bush-belt that pertains along latitude 16°,
which forms the shores of the Sahara in the Western Sudan and,
doubtless, it is the same line, away eastward, that is the chief
habitat of the Addax in Kordofan in the Egyptian Sudan.
[Illustration: A MORNING’S BAG
DORCAS GAZELLE AND GUINEA-FOWL]
Once clear of the bush, the species of big game that live in the
Sahara throughout the year are very limited. Dorcas Gazelle is the
principal animal, and may be found throughout the interior in small
numbers; sometimes approachable, if the country is broken; sometimes
excessively wild in the open wastes. Its protective sand-colour is
remarkable, and, standing still, it is often passed over in scanning
a landscape, though perhaps broadside on, in full view, and at no
great distance. On occasions of the kind I have suddenly realised
that I stood face to face with one of these beautiful creatures,
and have ejaculated under my breath: “Good heavens, I must have
been asleep not to have seen you before!”
In addition to the above, one or two Damas Gazelle were seen in
Aïr and in Ahaggar, feeding on the vegetation of sandy wadis,
and a few rare Wart Hog in the former mountains. But there end the
ungulate animals of the Sahara, excepting the king of them all,
the Arui, or Barbary Sheep, which I will return to later.
Of the lesser animals the chief of interest are: Jackals, Lynx,
Wild Cats, Hyenas, Foxes, Fennecs, Ratel, Ground Squirrels, Gerbils,
Spiny Mice, Jerboas, Porcupines, Gundis, Dassies, and Hares.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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