Coming back to European waters, besides the pure fore-and-aft
schooner we have also the topsail schooner and the two-topsail
schooner. No better instance of the former could be found than in the
illustration in Fig. 116 of Lord Brassey’s famous auxiliary yacht
the _Sunbeam_, of which we shall give further details on a later
page, among the yachts. But we may now call attention to the square
fore-topsail and smaller t’gallant sail on this ship. Sometimes,
too, one finds a royal added also to the foremast. The braces,
clew-garnet, lifts, and other rigging are so well shown in this
photograph as to require no further comment. A two-topsail schooner
carries a square topsail and t’gallant sail at the main _as well
as_ the fore. The topsail schooner is perhaps the best known of our
coasting types. Most of our trading schooners are “butter-rigged,”
that is to say, that whereas the topsail schooner has a standing
t’gallant yard set up with lifts, the butter-rigged sets her
t’gallants’l flying by hoisting the yard every time.
[Illustration: FIG. 92. A BARQUENTINE OFF THE SOUTH FORELAND.]
[Illustration: FIG. 93. BARQUENTINE WITH STUNS’LS.]
The illustrations in Figs. 92 and 93 represent barquentines, although
one of them is seen with the now obsolete stun’s’ls. A barquentine
is square-rigged on the foremasts, but fore-and-aft rigged on the
main and mizzen. The difference between the barquentine and the
three-masted schooner is that the former has a regular brigantine’s
foremast. The three-masted schooner does not carry a fore-course, but
in place of it a large squaresail, only used when running free in
moderate weather, only differing from the fore-course in that it is
not bent to the yard.
[Illustration: FIG. 94. THE “FANTÔME,” 18-TON BRIG. LAUNCHED 1838.]
The illustration shown in Fig. 94 represents the 18-ton brig
_Fantôme_. She was designed by Sir W. Symonds and launched about
1838. Her armament consisted of eighteen 32-pounders, and her
complement was 148 officers and men. Her tonnage was 726, her breadth
37·7 feet, length 120 feet, and depth of hold 18 feet. This is from a
photograph of the model in the South Kensington Museum. Fig. 95 is a
photograph of the training brig _Martin_, actually afloat. The brig
was the last sailing ship to disappear from the British Navy, and her
final abolition is so recent that her picturesqueness still lingers
in the imagination of Solent yachtsmen and others. The _Martin_ was
launched in 1836. As will be seen from the photograph, which obtains
even greater interest when compared with the model just mentioned,
she carried single topsails, t’gallants and royals. Stun’sails
will be noticed on the foresail, fore-topsail, fore-topgallant
sail as well as on her main topgallant sail. As we shall never see
these sailing brigs again, the photograph is of more than ordinary
interest.
[Illustration: FIG. 95. H.M.S. “MARTIN,” TRAINING BRIG. LAUNCHED
1836.]
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