The Tune ship was found in Norway, near the town of Frederikstad
in the year 1865. She is of especial interest to us as being the
first specimen of a sailing craft that we have from the North. She
was found under the funeral mound that had been raised over her,
and measured 45½ feet long; her width is supposed to have been 14½
feet, for not the whole of the hull was rescued. Her height from keel
to bulwark has been estimated as about four feet. Clinker-built of
oak, there were found just abaft the mast the unburnt bones of a man
and his horse. From internal evidence this ship has been thought to
belong to the Iron Age, and is obviously a Viking ship.
About the year 1873 the Brosen ship was found near Danzig. She was 57
feet long, 16 feet wide, 5 feet high and pointed at both ends. Her
planking was 1½ inches thick of oak and clinker-built. The caulking
consisted of the hair of elk, bear, or some other wild animal, with
an application of tar. The bottom was flat. In 1890 the Gloppen ship
was found during excavations of a mound on the fjord of that name
near to Bergen. I understand that the remains are preserved in the
Bergen museum.
But far surpassing any of these we have already mentioned is the
great Gogstad ship discovered in the year 1880 near to Sandefjord.
The mound in which she lay was 18 feet above sea-level, and the
prow was placed looking seaward, as if ready for a voyage again.
The condition in which this fine old ship was found is nothing
short of marvellous, and is attributable to the fact that the blue
clay in which she was embedded had preserved her from the air.
The upper part has unfortunately been damaged, owing (thinks Du
Chaillu) to the clay being mixed with sand, and so allowing the air
to penetrate. She is clinker-built, entirely of oak, and caulked
with cow’s hair spun into a sort of cord. Her planking is of oak, 1¾
inches thick, and her length over all is 79 feet 4 inches, beam 16½
feet, and depth 6 feet amidships, but 8½ feet at the extremities.
She weighs about twenty tons, displacing about 959 cubic feet. Her
gunwale above water is amidships 2 feet 11 inches, while at bow and
stern it rises to 6½ feet. Her draught is only 3 feet 7 inches. In
many respects she resembles the Tune ship, but this is indeed a
sailing vessel. There is a step for the mast, and thirty-two oars
were carried—sixteen on either side—the oar-holes being provided
with shutters so as to keep out the sea. Through the courtesy of
the British Consul at Christiania I am enabled here to show two
excellent photographs of the ship as she now lies in the keeping
of the Royal Frederiks University, Christiania. Professor Gabriel
Gustafson has been instrumental in preserving the ship from further
decay, and the reader who desires a complete description of the
Gogstad ship is referred to the latter’s publications concerning
her. It is quite evident from her construction that her builders
possessed the greatest experience and that her designer, whoever he
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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