Sanitation -- Cuba -- Havana; Sanitation -- Panama; Yellow fever -- Cuba -- Havana
About the time of the discovery of America, Europeans began to visit
and colonize the tropics, but it was early discovered that the white
man could not live and thrive with such conditions and surroundings
as existed there. It seemed to be demonstrated that there was
something in the climate that sapped his constitution and broke his
health. This statement applies to white children to an even greater
extent than to the adult.
The great colonizing nations had been the Spaniards, the Portuguese,
the Dutch, the French and the English. Their experience had all been
exactly similar from the beginning of the sixteenth century to the
present time—that the white man could not live and thrive in the
tropics, nor could he leave behind him in those regions a healthy
progeny. By all men everywhere it was believed that this was due to
tropical climatic conditions, which could not be combated, and that
therefore the white man was permanently barred from building up any
great civilization in these regions.
Man, like all other animals, must necessarily have developed in one
locality. If we accept the modern explanation, generally received
by educated persons, Darwinism, all life at present on the globe
must have descended from one single cell. If we take some individual
animal at present living, a dog, for instance, we could trace his
ancestry back to the first cell, if we could obtain all the facts in
the case. By very slow changes, genus after genus and species after
species developed from this first cell, each genus and each species
differing slightly from the one preceding.
An individual varying very slightly from the other individual of
his species, becomes the progenitor of a new species, provided the
variation accords with his surroundings so as to fit him better
for the struggle of life. But all of the new species must descend
directly from the one pair which produces these favorable variations
in their progeny. Every species, therefore, such as the dog, must
originate in some one locality. If at any time this species of animal
is found in all parts of the world, it must have slowly spread from
the locality in which it originated. The dog, therefore, came to his
present development in some one part of the world. As he is now found
in all parts of the world, he must have spread from this one locality
in which he originated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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