Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
The traditional trait of impulsiveness in the Gallic character suggested
to many writers a proneness to immorality.[1130] Florus represents
Livy as saying that the Insubrian Gauls, though brutal in spirit and
abnormally large, were like their own Alpine snows: the glow of battle
dissolved them into sweat, and even slight exertion thawed them like
the sun. From this account Ammianus differs widely when he describes
the Gauls of the fourth century as excelling in vigour and endurance
irrespective of age.[1131] Yet he speaks of the ‘mollities’ of the
Aquitanians.[1132] Perhaps in his description of their hardiness he was
thinking chiefly of the northern Gauls, as opposed to their slacker
brothers in the south. For it is against the south and against Aquitaine
in particular that Salvian launches all the thunder of his denunciation.
The Aquitanians need the chastisement of the barbarian invasions to
kill off the worst among them and to reform the others.[1133] He rails
at length against the prevailing corruption. The theatres ‘are so
scandalous that no one can with modesty speak out about them’.[1134]
The performances consisted of farces, ‘cotidianae obscenitates’,[1135]
‘restes dégénérés et méconnaissables du théâtre antique’ as Fauriel calls
them.[1136] The Christian clergy lose no opportunity of condemning them.
In contrast to pagan immorality, Salvian describes the chastity of the
Goths. This he exaggerates for the sake of effect, but that there was a
considerable element of truth in his description is proved by the _Codex
Visigothorum_.[1137]
If the preacher gives a discouraging picture of the moral state of Gaul,
so does the writer of comedy. In the fourth-century _Querolus_ much of
the moral corruption pictured is due to imitation of Plautus, and we must
remember that it was a comedy. Yet we can detect a strain of satire which
is a criticism of existing conditions. Stealing, lying, adultery, perjury
are treated as exceedingly common peccadilloes which the household god
(Lar) is only too ready to pardon in a pleasing and jolly offender.
Between the Plautine conception of the relation of slaves to their
masters and that here portrayed we can detect no advance. On both sides
morality is simply non-existent.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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