Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
but these could not have been very many. Altogether we have only nine
Greek Christian inscriptions in Gaul.[1232] Nor are the Greek remains
on the pagan side more numerous. That Greek was declining is abundantly
evident from other sources too. The Greek of Autun in the north shows
signs of decadence even at the end of the third century. But it needed
less than a century for the neglect to spread even to the Grecized south.
Eumenius found it necessary in a formal and imperial speech to explain
the word ‘Musagetes’ to his audience.[1233] He himself, of course, and
many of his fellow teachers were familiar with Greek. Greek forms like
‘Heraclen’, ‘Pythiados’ are often used, and the orator of Oration VI,
who was a Gaul, could quote Homer.[1234] Ausonius says in his quaint
mythological style of Harmonius, professor of Greek at Trèves, that he
was the only one who mingled Greek wine with Italian.[1235] But the
subject was fast becoming a schoolmaster’s acquisition. By A.D. 376 it
was not even that; for the emperors, in speaking of the appointment of
a Greek rhetor, add dubiously ‘if any one worthy of the post can be
found’.[1236] It was partly this neglect of Greek, no doubt, that made
Julian refer so often to ἡ τῶν Κέλτων άγροικία.[1237]
As the grandfather of Eumenius was an Attic Greek,[1238] we cannot
suppose that it was the un-Greek atmosphere of his surroundings, but
rather personal disinclination or disability that allowed Greek to
dwindle in the schools. Ausonius says that his father’s Latin was halting:
Sermone impromptus Latio, verum Attica lingua
suffecit culti vocibus eloquii,[1239]
and the verses are a commentary on the swiftness of the decline.
Ausonius himself, in spite of his confession that he neglected Greek at
school,[1240] is quite familiar with the language, and loves to display
his knowledge of it—‘magnopere sibi videtur placere graecissando’.[1241]
He drags it in pedantically in his epistles and the capers he cuts with
it are merely annoying.[1242] But whenever he addresses the general
public he finds it necessary to translate even the simplest words
and phrases, as in the _Ludus septem sapientum_ when the pantomime
player (_ludius_) speaks.[1243] And he admits that Greek was not very
successfully taught, though the Greek grammarians were industrious
enough.[1244] There was not much enthusiasm for the language and its
literature, as there had been in past times. To Citarius, the Sicilian
teacher of Greek, Ausonius says that he would have gained as much glory
for learning as Aristarchus or Zenodotus among the Greeks were it not
that the scale of values had changed.[1245]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account