[757] _Cod. Theod._ iv. 6. 3, A.D. 336. For an illustration of these marriage laws in practice see the instance in Sidon. _Ep._ v. 19. The most heinous offence, of course, was the marriage between a slave and his mistress, the penalty being death (_Cod. Theod._ ix. 9. 1). Cf. the marriage laws in the Southern States of America. [758] Special privileges are given to those who remain thirty years without a break in one place. ‘Eum, qui curiae vel collegio vel burgis ceterisque corporibus per triginta annos sine interpellatione servierit res dominica (imperial) vel intentio privata non inquietabit ... sed in curia vel corpore in quo servierit remaneat’, Justin. xi. 66. 6. _Cod. Theod._ xii. 19. 2, to the prefect of the Gauls, A.D. 400. Cf. xii. 19. 3, also to the prefect of the Gauls. For the ‘coloni’ see _Cod. Theod._ v. 17 and 18. [759] Vinogradoff in _Cambridge Mediaeval History_, i. 553. [760] _Cod. Theod._ xiv. 9. 1 ‘his dumtaxat exceptis qui corporatorum sunt oneribus adiuncti’. [761] ‘Si quis originarius intra hos triginta annos (i.e. within a period of thirty years before the passing of the law) de possessione discessit, sive per fugam labsus seu sponte seu sollicitatione transductus, ... eum, contradictione submota, loco cui natus est cum origine (family) iubemus sine dilatione restitui’, _Cod. Theod._ v. 18. 1. [762] ‘Ipsos etiam colonos qui fugam meditantur, in servilem condicionem ferro ligari conveniet, ut officia quae liberis congruunt merito servilis condemnationis compellantur implere’, _Cod. Theod._ v. 17. 1. [763] _Cod. Theod._ vi. 20. [764] Sidon. _Ep._ v. 17 ‘Cum passim varia ordinum corpora dispergerentur’. [765] _Pro Instaur. Scholis._ 15 (_ad fin._) and 16. [766] _Ep._ i. 6. 4. [767] Cf. the studious Hesperius, who, from his friends, must have been a nobleman, and is contrasted with the ‘turba imperitorum’, _Ep._ ii. 10. 6. [768] ‘Plebeiam numeros docere pulpam’, _Ep._ xiv. 95. Cf. Introd. of Griphus dedicated to Symmachus. The author omits all antiquarian treatment of his subject ‘et quidquid profanum vulgus ignorat’. [769] _Ep._ viii. 2. 2. [770] _Op. cit._, p. 48. [771] Cf. the instance of the workman at Silchester who scratched the word ‘satis’ on his work at the end of the day. ‘Casual scratchings on tiles or pots, which can often be assigned to the lower classes, prove that Latin was both read and spoken easily in Silchester and Caerwent’ (fourth century). Haverfield, _Cambridge Mediaeval History_, i. 375. [772] Large, but hardly disproportionate. In England to-day the number of elementary teachers compared with post-elementary is about ten to one. [773] Cf. _Cod. Theod._ xiv. 9. 3. Eight ‘rhetores’ and twenty ‘grammatici’. This, however, was at Constantinople. At Trèves the numbers were about equal, _Cod. Theod._ xiii. 3. 11. [774] Sievers, _Liban._, p. 39. [775] _Italorum Epigram._ xv. [776] _Prof._ ii. 15. [777]