Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
Of the organized sport of youth and manhood we derive considerable
information from Sidonius, who frequently mentions indoor games such as
the _duodecim scripta_, a sort of backgammon,[585] _fritilli_[586] and
_pyrgus_[587] (in which dice [_tesserae_] were used), as well as outdoor
games. Paulinus of Pella tells us how he was taken ill with fever at the
age of fifteen, and his parents, thinking his health more important than
‘doctae instructio linguae’, followed the doctor’s advice and removed him
from his school at Bordeaux. Among the pleasures that were planned to
speed his recovery was hunting, which his father resumed for his son’s
sake.[588] The equipment of a well-to-do Gallic huntsman is described.
The young Paulinus wishes for a fine horse with extravagant saddle and
bridle adornments (_faleris ornatior_), a tall groom, a swift hound, and
a smart hawk. Fine clothes and scent from Arabia are also objects of his
desire.
The main details of the chase may easily be filled in from Sidonius. From
the description of Theodoric’s hunting skill, we gather that spears were
used as well as bows,[589] and that the unsportsmanlike Roman habit of
driving the game into nets was practised in fifth-century Gaul.[590] The
hawk was regarded as an indispensable item.[591] There is river and lake
fishing,[592] either with nets or with lines laid before nightfall,[593]
and we hear of boat-racing[594] on lakes.
The game of ball, which is so frequently mentioned in Sidonius, was
undoubtedly the most popular outdoor game. It was played by two
persons,[595] or four,[596] or more than four,[597] and we gather that
there was a good deal of running about. That is practically all we know
of its rules, so that it is, strictly speaking, an assumption to call it
‘tennis’.[598] There were professional ball-throwers or jugglers, and
there is an epitaph, found at Narbonne, to one Capito, a ‘pilarius’.[599]
The games of the circus were still popular. Majorian held them at
Arles,[600] and they are frequently mentioned in inscriptions, as in the
one at Arles in which some thousands of sesterces are given ‘from the
interest on which athletic or circus games are to be given yearly’.[601]
At St. Pierre (Narbonne) a well-preserved inscription was found to a
man who had been ‘flamen’ of Augustus and curator of the gladiatorial
games, and had been honoured ‘for his exceptional munificence in
providing games’.[602] A Massilian inscription mentions ‘agonothet(ae)
agoni(s)‘,[603] and it is not impossible that the tradition of public
games in Gaul received an initial impetus from the Greek city of the
south.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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