One interesting passage remains. “I was gumnasiarchos in my deme,” or country district, says a speaker in Isaios.[494] There must therefore have been local torch-races, for which rich men were called upon to pay and train teams, just as there were certainly local theatrical performances. The passage opens up a prospect of vigorous athletic life throughout the country districts and villages of Attica. [332] Plato, _Rep._ 556 B-D. [333] Xen. _Mem._ iii. 12. 1. [334] Plato, _Phaidr._ 239 c. [335] Hesiod, _Works and Days_, 289. [336] Solon reduced this endowment to 500 drachmai for an Olympian victor, 100 for an Isthmian (Plut. _Solon_, 23). [337] Plut. _Quaest. Rom._ 40. [338] Plato, _Laws_, 807 c. [339] For this their vast appetites were partly responsible. Milo and Theagenes each ate a whole ox in a single day (Athen. 412 f). Astuanax the pankratiast ate what was meant for nine guests (_ibid._ 413 b). [340] Xen. _Banquet_, ii. 17. [341] Galen, _On Medic. and Gym._ § 33 (ed. Kühn. v. 870). [342] Philos. _On Gymnastics_, 54. [343] Pausan. v. 21. 10. [344] Pind. _Olymp._ [345] Pindar, frag. [346] Fragment of _Autolukos_. [347] A very bold attack on the Olympian games, which must have caused a sensation in the theatre. [348] Aristot. _Pol._ vii. 16. 13. [349] Lukourg. _ag. Leok._ 51. [350] [Xen.] _Constit. of Athens_, i. 13. [351] κατέλυσε [katelyse] must mean this, as in [Andok.] _ag. Alkibiades_, where that gentleman is said to be καταλύων τὰ γυμνάσια [katalyôn ta gymnasia] by his bad example. [352] See end of Aristoph. _Wasps_. [353] As shown by the beginning of Plato, _Lusis_, 203 B. [354] Aristoph. _Birds_, 141. [355] Antiphon, _Second Tetralogy_. [356] The law quoted in Aischines _ag._ _Timarchos_ is spurious, being a later interpolation; it cannot therefore be used as evidence. [357] [Xen.] _Constit. of Athens_, ii. 10. [358] The division of the boys into classes by age in the contests points to such a usage. Cp. the ἡλικίαι [hêlikiai] at Teos. [359] Later, this was done by a special official, the ἀλειπτής [aleiptês]. [360] Aristot. _Pol._ iv. 1. 1. [361] _e.g._ Plato, _Gorg._ 504 A; _Protag._ 313 D; Aristot. _Pol._ iii. 16. 8. [362] Plato, _Gorg._ 452 B. [363] The paidotribes is distinguished from the gumnastes as the schoolmaster from the crammer. The gumnastes coached pupils chiefly for the great games, while the paidotribes presided over physical training generally, especially of boys, but sometimes of epheboi. See the elaborate discussion in Grasberger, i. 263-268. [364] Plato, _Protag._ 313 A. [365] _Ibid._ 326 C. [366] ἀποδυτήριον [apodytêrion]. [367] See Thompson, Plato, _Phaedr._ 239 C., and Eur. _Bacch._ 456.