Schools of Hellas: An Essay on the Practice and Theory of Ancient Greek Education from 600 to 300 B. C.Freeman, Kenneth J. (Kenneth John)
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Schools of Hellas: An Essay on the Practice and Theory of Ancient Greek Education from 600 to 300 B. C.
Freeman, Kenneth J. (Kenneth John)
Education, Greek
Sokrates replies by distinguishing “being” from “becoming,” and
suggests that χαλεπός [chalepos] (hard) may mean not “difficult” but
“bad.” He then gives a lecture in his turn. He picks out a μέν [men]
in the first line and puts it into a most unwarrantable position in
his translation, and makes “indeed” go with “hard.” To become good is
difficult but possible, to be and remain good quite impossible. Hence
Simonides goes on to say that he is quite satisfied with those who do
no positive harm. Sokrates also notes a philological point, that
ἐπαίνημι [epainêmi] in the poem is a Lesbian Aeolic form, justified
because the poem is addressed to a citizen of Mitulene. It may be
remarked that Hippias also possessed a lecture on the subject. A
lecture on Homer by a Sophist is mentioned by Isokrates: such lectures
were frequently given by the rhapsodes.
Grammar was also taught, and the right use of words. Less usual
subjects were geography,[504] art, and metre. Logic was in its
infancy, but the growing lad could practise himself in argument by
listening to the disputes of the dialecticians. Current conversation
was full of ethical and political discussions: in the fourth century
there were the philosophical schools of Plato and, later, of
Aristotle, and the lectures of Antisthenes the cynic in Kunosarges;
and Isokrates taught political science. Lads seem to have been
expected to learn something, at any rate, of the laws of their
country: no doubt they were taken up to the Akropolis to read Solon’s
code: occasionally they may have been present as spectators in the
law-courts, in order that they might gain an idea of legal procedure.
Those who intended to become speech-writers for the courts would
doubtless learn more: they would also attend some well-known writer
like Lusias or Isaios, and learn the art of forensic rhetoric.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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